Ithimba labacwaningi abavela e-Michigan State University lithole uxhaso luka-$325,000 oluvela ku-National Institute of Food and Agriculture yoMnyango Wezolimo wase-US ukuze lihlole ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko zezindlela ezintsha zokulawula izinambuzane zama-blueberry.
Le phrojekthi iholwa uRufus Isaacs, uprofesa eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezinambuzane, futhi ihlanganisa noMarisol Quintanilla, umsizi kaprofesa eMnyangweni Wezinambuzane; Matthew Gammans, umsizi kaprofesa eMnyangweni Wezolimo, Ukudla kanye Nezinsiza Zomnotho; kanye nothisha we-MSU Extension uCarlos Garcia-Salazar.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, u-Isaacs uthe abacwaningi bathole ukuqonda okungcono kokuthi zingalawulwa kanjani izinambuzane eziyinhloko ezithinta amapulazi ama-blueberry, okuhlanganisa umnyovu wenyongo kanye ne-drosophila enamaphiko.
Lawa masu amasha ahilela ukumelana nezitshalo ezisingathwayo, ukulawulwa kwebhayoloji, ukuthatha amasampula endle okuvamile kanye nokufakwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane eziqondiswe kakhudlwana, ngayinye ehloselwe ukusiza abalimi ukuba bonge imali futhi bathuthukise ukuphepha kwemvelo nezisebenzi kuyilapho kunciphisa ngempumelelo umonakalo wezinambuzane.
“Sihlola izinhlelo ze-integrated pest management (IPM) bese siqhathanisa nenzuzo yokutshalwa kwezimali,” kusho u-Isaacs. "Silindele ukuthi amamodeli e-scouting kanye ne-degree-day azosinika ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuthi singaqondisa kanjani abaphathi ezindaweni ezinesidingo futhi sazise ngesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuvikela izitshalo."
Amapulazi ama-blueberry ezohwebo azosebenzisana nethimba ukusingatha ucwaningo, abanike ithuba lokubona imiphumela yasepulazini evela emsebenzini. Abacwaningi bazophinde bahlole ezinye izilawuli zezinambuzane ezifana nokumboza ngezimboza zezihlahla nokuthena, okuye kwaboniswa ocwaningweni oluncane ukuze kuncishiswe inani lokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane. U-Isaacs uthe izindlela zizohlolwa ezivivinyweni ezinkulu zesikali, lapho izinzuzo zingaba zikhulu nakakhulu.
U-Quintanilla, uchwepheshe we-nematology, uzohola ukuhlolwa kokulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo ngezinhlobo ezintathu ze-nematode kanye nohlobo lwesikhunta. Kuzoba nokugxila okukhethekile kuma-entomopathogenic nematodes - abulala izinambuzane - ukulawula izinambuzane ezinengxenye yomjikelezo wazo wokuphila emhlabathini, njenge-spotted wing drosophila kanye ne-cranberry fruit worm.
“Amalungu elebhu yami ayijabulele kakhulu le phrojekthi,” kusho uQuintanilla. "Kuyindlela edidiyelwe ngempela, futhi silindele ukuthi izoba wusizo olukhulu kubalimi bama-blueberry." Kuqhinga ngalinye lokulawula elihloliwe, i-Gammans izohlola ukusebenza kahle nezindleko ukuze inqume imbuyiselo ekutshalweni.
"Sithemba ukuthi idatha nokuhlaziywa kwale phrojekthi kuzosiza abalimi be-blueberry baseMichigan ukuthi bakhethe isu lokulawula izinambuzane elisebenzela ipulazi labo ngempela," kusho uGammans. “Mhlawumbe ngeke kube nesixazululo esilingana konke, ngakho ukulinganisa izindleko kanye nezinzuzo zezindlela ezahlukene ze-IPM - nokuqonda ukuthi lokhu kuthinteka kanjani uhlobo lwepulazi umuntu alisebenzayo - kuzoba okubaluleke kakhulu. ”
U-Garcia-Salazar uzokwakhela phezu kwemizamo yakhe yangaphambilini no-Isaacs yokuletha ulwazi kubalimi be-blueberry baseMichigan, okuhlanganisa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto zohlelo lolimi lweSpanishi.
“Ukwakha ukwethenjwa kwabalimi ezincomweni zethimba lethu kubalulekile, futhi ukwenza izinto obala ngempumelelo yohlelo lwe-IPM kanye nezindleko kuyingxenye yalokho,” kusho u-Isaacs. “Ngikubheke ngabomvu ukusebenzisana noDkt. Quintanilla ekuhloleni amandla ezinambuzane ukuze kulawuleke ezinye zezinambuzane zethu ezibalulekile. Umsebenzi kaDkt. Gammans ekuthatheni izinqumo epulazini kanye nemiphumela yako yezomnotho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthola lokho kuthengwa kubalimi, futhi uDkt. Garcia-Salazar uzosisiza sisebenzise izinhlelo zezilimi ezimbili ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi sifinyelela abalimi abengeziwe.”
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe:
I-Michigan State University
www.canr.msu.edu