"I-mini-turbine yethu ikhiqiza amandla alingana nenkundla yebhola yonke enamaphaneli elanga," kusho u-Walter Buydens (63), owaba yi-CEO ye-Flemish water turbine builder i-Turbulent ngoJuni 2021.
Kusukela ngo-2015 sekudayiswe izinsimbi ezine ngo-2022, ngokulandelana kwazo, angu-15 kW, 30 kW, 50 kW no-70 kW. "Namuhla, inkampani isivele inamaturbine ayishumi nesithupha anesilinganiso esingu-50 kW."
“Nganginomfutho wokwenza okuthile mayelana nokutholakala kokudla e-Afrika. Bese ugcina usunonjiniyela wezolimo,” kusho uBuydens, owaqala izifundo zakhe eLeuven ngo-1976. Namuhla lokho kubizwa nge-bioengineering. Umkhulu wayengumlimi. “Ehlobo sahamba siyokwelula isandla.” Ingadi yemifino nemifino ekhaya yamjabulisa. Kodwa ikakhulukazi izithombe zendlala ze-Biafra (1967-70), Bangladesh (1970) … kanye neClub of Rome (Imikhawulo ekukhuleni, 1972) ezinyakazise kakhulu.
“Ukwanda kwabantu okubikezelwe kwenzeke okwamanje. Sikulawula kanjani ukwanda kwesibalo sabantu? Kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo. Sizivikela kanjani 'ezinye izilo'? Ubona izilwane kuphela emakhejini. Siyaqaphela ukuthi kunezinambuzane ezimbalwa kakhulu. Ngabe sizozalanisa izinambuzane? Bonke bangamabhomu esikhathi. Lapho kuphuthuma, lapho kuphuthuma ngempela, kusuke sekwephuze kakhulu.”
I-Phytotechnics kanye ne-hydroponics
I-Phytotechnics, indlela yokutshala izitshalo, kanye ne-hydroponics yamthakazelisa. Kwakuyisikhathi futhi sesikhungo samakhompiyutha kanye namakhompiyutha ayesebenza ngamakhadi apunched. Ngombono wakhe walingisa ukukhula kukakolweni wasebusika.
"Amamodeli okukhula asevele alinganisela isivuno ngokunemba kwe-10%. Njengonjiniyela omusha wezolimo onolwazi lwamanzi, ngokushesha waqala ukusebenza ngo-1981 njengomsizi we-hydrographic eMnyangweni Wezemisebenzi Yomphakathi. Wenza imephu yokuphahlazeka nezihlabathi eNorth Sea. “Ngaqokwa lapho kodwa … kwakusenezinto eziningi okwakumelwe ngizenze ekuphileni,” uyamamatheka.
Ngokushesha wathola uxhaso lwe-IHE Delft Institute for Water Education. "Ucwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe, oluxube imikhakha eminingi ngokunaka kwezomnotho nezezimali." Ngale MA yesibili elingana ephaketheni lakhe, wakwazi ukuthola iziqu zakhe zobudokotela kwezobunhloli bokwenziwa eDelft ngo-1984. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo wathola ithuba lokusebenza eNiger.
“Uma ngingashiyi manje, ucabange ukuthi ngeke ngithole ulwazi lwamazwe ngamazwe kwezomnotho 'zisafufusa'." Futhi wayesehambile. Njengesazi se-hydrologist ku-World Meteorological Organization (WMO), waqapha imifula kanye nesomiso ebhande laseSahel. Eyedwa walingisa ukuchithwa kweNiger. Uphethe ngokuthi umfudlana uzophela.
Kwakungakaze kwenzeke lokho ngaphambili. Lapho eshaya insimbi, wabhekana nokungakholwa nokumelana nabaphathi baseFrance. “Ngabala kusasele izinyanga ezinhlanu ukuthi umfula wawuzophela ngo-May 5, 1984. Ngahamba izinsuku ezimbili.”
Isisindo esengeziwe endishini
Wabe esenquma ukwenza iziqu zobudokotela phela. Ethukuthele ngoba wayengaqondwanga. Ngeziqu zobudokotela, wayefuna ukukwazi ukubeka isisindo esiningi ebhalansi. “Ukuze ube nomthelela. Ngase ngibonile nokuthi “intuthuko” isho ukuthini. AmaFulentshi abeseNiger ezimayini ze-uranium, hhayi ezamila zaseNigerien.”
Ngo-1987, ngemva kweminyaka eyisithupha ethweswe iziqu okokuqala, waya e-Cornell University (NY, USA) eyokwenza iziqu zobudokotela kwezobunjiniyela be-hydraulic kanye nokwenza kahle kwemithombo yamanzi. “Ngaphinde ngafundisa khona njengomsizi wesayensi, ngakho angizange ngikhokhe imali yokubhalisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, waqala ukusebenza njengomeluleki ozimele ophikweni olusha lwezemvelo lweBhange Lomhlaba.
Wayeshade unyaka ngaphambili futhi umkakhe wayemlandele eNiger. "Sibambe iphathi enkulu yase-Afrika lapho." Wayethweswa iziqu futhi esebenza eNiger njengomklami wezithombe. Wenza imidwebo yama-dinosaurs atholakala ogwadule. E-US wayesebenza njengomsizi kasokhemisi, wakha amabhodi okhuni futhi wasebenza emtatsheni wezincwadi waseCornell. Ilungele umndeni osemusha.
“Ngonyaka wesithathu saya e-India ukuze ngiyokwenza ucwaningo lwami.” Amaphrojekthi amakhulu okunisela, imithombo yamanzi, umthelela wendawo, ezomnotho kanye nokungenzeleli kwezenhlalo… “Amandla okubikezela amamodeli aqhubekile nokungithakazelisa. Ngawasebenzisa eNdiya, lapho ngafaka khona izici zezenhlalo, njengokulungiswa kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokwebiwa kwamanzi, kumafomula ami.”
Ukuphatha nokuthengisa
Lapho leso siphetho se-PhD sesidlulisiwe, umndeni wabuyela eBelgium ekupheleni kuka-1991. Wathatha izintambo zokuphatha inkampani yezokubonisana ngezemvelo i-ARIES/Royal Haskoning. "Lokho kungithathele ekuphathweni nasekudayiseni."
Kwakukusha lokho. Bekuyinhloso yabo ukuthi bagcine bebuyele ezindaweni ezishisayo, kodwa akwenzekanga lokho. Indodana yabo yokuqala yazalwa. Ukuzinza kwakudingeka. E-Haskoning ibiqala phansi. Ngemva kweminyaka emithathu, uBuydens waphinde waphayona i-American-English ERM njengozakwethu ophethe. Okokuqala eBelgium futhi kamuva, kusukela ngo-2001, naseFrance naseNetherlands.
Abantu bebekhuluma nge-ERM Gaul. “Kwakungenye yezinto engizizwile kahle kakhulu. Uqala ngabantu abambalwa futhi kungazelelwe kuyasebenza. I-Soil Decree yayisendleleni futhi sazisa abanikazi bamagaraji nabadayisi bezimoto. Besingaphambi komthetho. Sasuka lapho sakhula saba ezinye izizinda ezifana nemfundo yezemvelo. Sabona izithelo zomsebenzi wethu. Ungakwazi “ukuvuna”.
Lokho kuyinjabulo. Iphathi. Bekubuye kube ngamazwe ngamazwe.” Endleleni, ngo-1997-98, uBuydens wathatha izifundo ezimfushane ezimbalwa e-Insead “okungangijabulisa ngempela. Ngingancoma into efana nalena kuwo wonke umuntu. Uma uphethe inkampani, akumele ulandele i-MBA ngokushesha, kodwa kusewusizo ukuhlinzekwa ngezinto ezisebenzayo ezihlobene nomsebenzi.”
Umsebenzi omusha
“Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi nambili, umsebenzi wami wawusuphelile.” Wayeneminyaka engu-49, wathola izinhlinzeko ezimbalwa kodwa wazizwa ehlotshaniswa ne-ERM. Wakhetha uguquko kanye ne-ABO ekhula ngokushesha lapho esiza khona ngokuphatha kwabo izinguquko. Kungakapheli unyaka, iRoyal Haskoning yamnika ithuba lokuthatha iBelgium neNetherlands, bese kuba nokuhlukaniswa kwezemvelo, emhlabeni jikelele.
“Ngikwazile ukuphatha abantu abangu-480.” Kwamyisa eVietnam, e-Indonesia, e-Ukraine, eGabon, eBalkan, eRomania. Uphinde wasungula ihhovisi eDoha -Qatar-. Enye into yaholela kwenye. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, ngo-2014, uVito wamthola inkontileka yokusungula i-Vito Middle East futhi kamuva i-VITO Arabia LLC e-UAE evela e-Doha efanayo.
"Lezo zikhundla zezohwebo zangigcina ngiseMpumalanga Ephakathi iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili." Njalo emasontweni amathathu kuya kwamahlanu wayehamba phakathi komsebenzi nomndeni. Wabe esenikezwa isikhundla sokuba yi-Group CEO yesikhilimu se-asbestos saseBelgium i-Care for Future. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngoJuni 2021, wazingelwa njenge-CEO yeFlemish Turbulent.
I-Vortex
I-turbulent's average turbines turbine inhle ku-50 kW. "Kodwa futhi sibheka ama-pico turbines asuka ku-800 W kuya ku-5 kW," kusho uBuydens, okunaka kwakhe njenge-CEO manje sekugxile kakhulu ekwandiseni imali. Lokhu okokwandisa ukukhiqizwa, kodwa futhi ukunikeza isevisi entsha: Hydra As A Service (HAAS).
“Ngaphandle kwe-kW sifuna nokukwazi ukudayisa i-kWh. Ikhasimende libe selikhokha kancane ngokuthenga, kodwa ngokwengxenye sabelana ngengozi yenzuzo. Ubuchwepheshe bethu buku-TRL 9. Lokho kusho ukuthi sekumele buqaliswe manje.” Ucabanga ukuthi onjiniyela basanikela ngama-20% esikhathi sabo ku-R&D. "Basebhodini ukuze bafane manje." Ngakolunye uhlangothi, basaqala ukusebenza nawo wonke amaphrojekthi.
“Sibala usayizi wama-blades, ukuthi azohamba kancane noma asheshe kangakanani, ubukhulu be-generator no-gearbox.” Ingxenye yemisebenzi yobunjiniyela bomphakathi ingase yenziwe ngaphambili, uyavuma, kodwa… Akulula njengokuwisa ichibi lokubhukuda nge-pelouze. Zonke izimo zihlukile kancane. Inkampani iqapha umsebenzi futhi iphinde inakekele ukunakekelwa ngemuva kwalokho.
“Senza i-vortex futhi siguqule lawo mandla angaba amandla ngomshini wamanzi ojikelezayo ovundlile. Sifinyelela ukusebenza kahle okungama-65% ukusuka emandleni angaba khona kuya esisekelweni.” Uqhathanisa nelanga (18%) nomoya (20%). “Siphakeme kakhulu. I-Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) yeturbine yethu ngama-euro 4 kWh ngayinye. Singabaqhudelana kahle bamandla elanga.
“Injini yethu engu-75 kW ikhiqiza cishe yonke inkundla yebhola enama-solar futhi asikho isidingo sokuthi sisebenzise izinto ezingavamile ukwenza lokho.”
Inhlanzi-friendly
"Sikhiqiza amandla ngendlela ehambisana nemvelo." Iziteshi zikagesi 'ziphansi' (akukho ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo kwezwe) futhi i-turbine igaya kancane ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngokuthula. I-turbine ibuye ihambisane nezinhlanzi.
Isivinini esihlobene sezinhlanzi siyefana. Umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwamanzi ageleza phakathi nalawo aphumayo mncane. Cishe i-0.1 bar. Nge-turbine yendabuko ye-Kaplan, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lowo mehluko u-2 kuya ku-3 bar. Umehluko onjalo wengcindezi engazelelwe uhlukanisa izitho zangaphakathi zezinhlanzi. Akunjalo nge-Turbulent. I-Buydens akesabi ngokushesha ukuncintisana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe, obunelungelo lobunikazi (uhlelo lokusebenza ngo-2016, olunikezwe ngo-2021), akulula ukukopisha. Khonamanjalo, umnyango we-R&D ulungisa ama-turbines ukuze avumelane nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.
“Ukugeleza kwemifudlana nemifula kuzoshintsha. Senza izinjini zethu zibe ubufakazi bokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.” Izindleko ezimaphakathi namuhla zishintshashintsha cishe kuma-euro ayi-3,000 kW ngayinye. I-turbine ingafinyelela ukusebenza kahle okungaphezu kuka-60%. Lokhu kuqinisekisa imigomo emifushane yokukhokha.
Indlela yokumelana okuncane
"EBelgium, sibale, kungenzeka kube namandla afinyelela ku-3 GW." Isithiyo esikhulu lapha yizimvume (zezemvelo). “Abaphathi abajwayelene ne-microhydra. Umuntu ucabanga ngokushesha ngamadamu amakhulu angadinga ukuthi abantu bonke banyamalale…
Ngakho-ke sisebenza kakhulu lapha e-Wallonia, lapho izinto zilula kancane ngokokuphatha kunaseFlanders. Kodwa futhi eFrance naseNgilandi. Ngihamba endleleni yokuphikiswa okuncane.” Kwenye indawo, lapho kuzofakwa khona ukufakwa emiseleni yokunisela, ngezibonelo e-Taiwan nase-Congo, noma lapho kuphuma khona izindawo zokuhlanza amanzi, njengaleyo ese-French Versailles ye-Suez esineminyaka embalwa manje isebenza, kuvele ukuthi kube lula kakhulu.
“Sithola izicelo eziningi. Kulo nyaka kuphela, mayelana ne-3,000 ", u-Buydens ubala, ophinde akhulume nenkinga yokuthengisa okusebenzayo: "Sifaka bani isikhathi sethu? Ngifuna ukwenza ukumaketha okusebenzayo emazweni ayisikhombisa kuya kwayishumi. Manje sihlela kabusha umnyango wezokuthengisa ngalokhu.” Khona-ke, vele, ukukhiqizwa kufanele kukwazi ukulandela “kodwa kusekuningi ukunwebeka lapho. Nathi siyaqala ukukhipha ezinye izinsiza.”
Imigomo yokulethwa yizinyanga ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Ozakwethu emhlabeni wonke, ngokuvamile kunezivumelwano nababizwa ngokuthi Abakhiqizi Bamandla Abazimele, bathola ukuqeqeshwa kwa-Leuven. "Siyakwazi ukuxazulula amacala amaningi ngokusebenzisa inkomfa ngevidiyo."
Inzuzo incike esikalini esikhulu
Ekupheleni kuka-2023, inkampani ihlela ukushintsha i-1.6 MW. Ifuna ukufinyelela ku-10 MW ngo-2025. I-2022 ifuna ukuyiqeda ngenzuzo ye-euro eyizigidi ezingu-1.2, ezoba cishe ezigidini ezingu-4 zama-euro ngo-2023, ukuze ifinyelele ku-20 million euros ngo-2025. "Ukuze sikhule ngempela, sine ukuze ikwazi ukusebenza ngamaqoqo futhi ifake afinyelela ku-10 MW kukhasimende elilodwa.”
AbakwaBuydens babona ikusasa kumaphrojekthi akhula abe makhudlwana. Inzuzo yenkampani izoncika esikalini. Kodwa lokho kudinga imali. Manje usefuna ama-euro ayizigidi ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-2.5 'kubatshalizimali abanethonya' kanye 'nabangane' be-Turbulent, abazimisele ngokuzifaka engozini. Unethemba lokuthi uzoqeda le nhlokodolobha maphakathi noNovemba.
Emzuliswaneni olandelayo, uhlose ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-10 kuya kwezingu-15 ukuze aqhubeke nokuqinisa ifomula ye-HAAS. “Ngemuva kwalokho ugesi okhiqizwayo uzokhipha imali eyi-royalty, i-kWh, kodwa usabalale ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Lokho kufanele kuhlanganiswe nenhloko-dolobha. Ngaphandle uma singazikhiqizela thina ngama-turbine ethu.”
Ukungaqiniseki kwezomnotho kwezwe kanye nezimakethe namuhla kudala isimo esinzima sokuthola imali. “Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wonke umuntu uswele amandla. Yilokho inzuzo.”
Isikhathi sokukhokha seminyaka engu-2.5 kuya kwemi-4
Ukugxila kwezohwebo akusekho emazweni asathuthuka. Ama-turbine okuqala afakwe e-Estonia, eduze kwaseParis, eChile naseBali. Namuhla kukhona abaya e-US, UK, Portugal, Congo, Thailand naseTaiwan.
“Sihlanganisa izinjini zomoya eziningana ezinamandla angu-50 kW kanye no-75 kW endaweni engasemfuleni. Manje singakwazi ukufinyelela ku-400 kW ku-cascade. Ukufakwa kwethu kunesikhathi sokukhokha seminyaka engu-2.5 kuya kwengu-4. Bahlala iminyaka engu-30. Yingakho kuthakazelisa ukusebenza ngefomula ye-HAAS futhi siqoqe ingxenye yesivuno sikagesi ngokwethu.”
Isondlo sincane. Shintsha amafutha njalo ngonyaka kanye ne-turbine njalo eminyakeni eyishumi. “Siqapha zonke izinto ezifakwa eLeuven. Uma kuphakama inkinga, singabhekana nayo ngendlela yokuzivikela.” Njengamanje i-Turbulent iqashe abantu abayishumi nesikhombisa, abamele abalingana nabayishumi nantathu ngokugcwele. Onjiniyela bemishini, bakagesi kanye nesakhiwo.
Umthombo: https://engineeringnet.be