I-Agrovoltaics - umkhuba wokubeka i-solar eduze nendawo yokulima - yamukelwa kaningi emhlabeni jikelele njengendlela yokwethula amandla ahlanzekile asabalalisiwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa komhlaba.
Ngokocwaningo oluvela e-Oregon State University, ukuhlangana ndawonye kwamandla elanga nawezolimo kunganikeza amaphesenti angu-20 engqikithi yokuphehlwa kukagesi e-United States. Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, ukufakwa kwezinga elikhulu kwe-agrivoltaics kungaholela ekuncishisweni kwaminyaka yonke kwamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-330 we-carbon dioxide emission enomthelela "oncane" ekuvuneni kwezitshalo.
Ngokocwaningo, indawo elingana nesifunda saseMaryland izodingeka ukuze i-agrovoltaics ikwazi ukumboza amaphesenti angama-20 ophehlwa ugesi e-United States. Lokho kungamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-13,000, noma iphesenti elingu-1 le-acreage yamanje yezolimo yase-US. Embulungeni yonke, kulinganiselwa ukuthi iphesenti elilodwa layo yonke indawo yokulima ingakhiqiza amandla adingwa umhlaba uma iguqulwa ibe ama-solar photovoltaics.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokufaka amaphaneli e-agrovoltaic. Enye yezindlela ezivame kakhulu ukuphakamisa indawo ukuze kube nendawo yokuthi impahla yepulazi noma imfuyo ihambe ngokukhululeka ngaphansi. Omunye umklamo osemfashinini uwukuqondisa amaphaneli e-photovoltaic ngokuqondile, okushiya izikhala ezivulekile phakathi kwemigqa yamaphaneli.
I-united states
E-Somerset, eCalifornia, amaphaneli elanga aklanywe eJalimane e-Sunzaun amile afakwa esivinini. Isifaki se-Sunstall sithuthukise ukufakwa, okuhlanganisa amamojula angu-43 450 W axhunywe kwi-microinverter namabhethri amabili.
Idizayini encane yasebenzisa izimbobo kumafreyimu amamojula ukwenza okunamathiselwe okulula kuzinqwaba ezimbili, okugweme isidingo sesistimu yamashelufu esindayo. Amamojula elanga akabili akhiqiza amandla kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zamalungu afanayo aqondile.
Kuzinhlelo zendabuko eziklanywe ngokuma okuvundlile, ama-rails asetshenziselwa ukukhweza amaphaneli ohlelweni lwamashalofu ngokuvamile ayasikwa ukuze alingane nosayizi ohlosiwe wephaneli. Uma usayizi wephaneli ushintsha ngemva kokuqedwa kokuthengwa kwazo zonke ezinye izingxenye, iphrojekthi ingase ihlangabezane nokulibaziseka kuyilapho amareyili eklanywa kabusha ukuze athwale usayizi wephaneli obuyekeziwe. Idizayini ye-Sunzaun ivumela ukuzivumelanisa kalula noshintsho kusayizi wephaneli ngokulungisa ibanga phakathi kwesitaki ngasinye. Kungenzeka futhi ukulungisa ukuphakama kwamapaneli kusuka emhlabathini uma kunesidingo.
Germany
Ososayensi abavela e-Leipzig University of Applied Sciences bafunde umthelela ongaba khona wokuphakwa okukhulu kwamasistimu e-photovoltaic aqonde entshonalanga-empumalanga emakethe yamandla aseJalimane. Bathole ukuthi lokhu kufakwa kungaba nomthelela onenzuzo ekusimamiseni igridi yezwe, kuyilapho kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu nemisebenzi yezolimo kunezitshalo ezivamile ze-photovoltaic ezibekwe phansi.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi amasistimu e-photovoltaic aqondile angashintsha ukusebenza kwelanga kuye emahoreni esidingo esikhulu sikagesi kanye nokuphakelwa kukagesi omningi ezinyangeni zasebusika, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe imingcele yelanga.
”Uma isitoreji sikagesi esingu-1 TW wamandla okushaja nokukhipha kanye no-1 TWh womthamo kuhlanganiswa kumodeli yesistimu yamandla, umphumela wehliselwa ukonga i-CO2 efinyelela ku-2.1 Mt/a ngamaphesenti angu-70 amamojula aqondile abheke empumalanga. entshonalanga kwathi amaphesenti angama-30 athambekele eningizimu,” kusho bona. “Ekugcineni, nakuba kungase kubonakale kungenangqondo ngabanye ukuba bafinyelele isilinganiso esingamaphesenti angu-70 emishini yokuphehla amandla eqondile, ngisho nesilinganiso esiphansi sinomthelela onenzuzo.”
Japan
E-Japan, i-Luxor Solar KK, inkampani engaphansi komkhiqizi wamamojula waseJalimane i-Luxor Solar, yakha isistimu ye-photovoltaic eqondile engu-8.3 kW endaweni yokupaka yemboni yokucubungula irayisi ephethwe yi-Eco Rice Niigata.
"Izimoto zizopakwa phakathi kwezinhlelo ezimile"" Uwe Liebscher, umqondisi ophethe weLuxor Solar KK, uchazele umagazini we-PV. "Umgomo walesi simiso ukukhombisa ukuqina phakathi nobusika kanye nokusebenza okwengeziwe kwamandla ngenxa yokubonakala kweqhwa." Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNiigata yaziwa njengendawo egcwele iqhwa, eneqhwa elifinyelela ku-2 noma 3 wamamitha ebusika.”
Isistimu ebheke eningizimu inamamojula elanga e-Luxor Solar heterojunction, kanye namasistimu okukhweza avela kuchwepheshe waseJalimane oqondile we-photovoltaic i-Next2Sun kanye nama-inverter avela ku-Omron yase-Japan. Ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kuzohlinzeka ngogesi embonini yokucubungula irayisi eseduze nesistimu. Idolobha laseNagaoka laxhasa lo msebenzi ngezimali zamayen ayizigidi ezimbili (amaRandi angu-2 14,390).
"Ukufakwa okuqondile kusebenzisa indawo encane kuphela yepulazi, kuyilapho kugcinwa ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-85 okukhanya okufinyelela izitshalo, okuqinisekisa ukulingana okuhle phakathi kwamandla elanga nezolimo, into ebalulekile eJapane," uyachaza. "Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi sakhe izinhlelo ze-agrivoltaic emapulazini asetshenziswa umphakathi, njengakolweni, amazambane noma irayisi, ngezinga elikhulu."
France
E-France, i-TotalEnergies kanye ne-InVivo, uchwepheshe we-agrovoltaics, bethule umbonisi we-agrivoltaics oqondile ongu-111 kW. I-TotalEnergies ithe ukufakwa komshayeli kuzophenya umthelela wamaphaneli elanga ekuvuneni kwezolimo, kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi yalesi siza.
"Siyaqiniseka ukuthi ukusebenzisana okuthuthukisiwe phakathi kokukhiqizwa kukagesi oluhlaza, i-biogas kanye nezolimo kungenye yezimpendulo zokuqinisekisa amandla ethu nokudla ukuzimela," kusho u-Thierry Muller, oyi-CEO ye-TotalEnergies Renouvelables France.
Sweden
Ososayensi abavela eNyuvesi yaseMälardalen (eSweden) benze imodeli ye-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) esiza ukuhlaziya ama-microclimate kumaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic mpo. Ukulingiswa kwe-CFD kusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nokugeleza kwezinto eziqinile namagesi emizimbeni nasezindaweni ezizungezile, ezingase zisetshenziswe ukuze kuhlaziywe i-microclimates ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo ze-agrivoltaic.
“Amamodeli esistimu ye-Agrivoltaic (AV) azovame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo ezintsha ze-AV, kanye nasekuthatheni izinqumo, njengoba izinguquko ze-microclimatic zingahlaziywa/zibikezelwe ngokusekelwe endaweni nesixazululo sohlelo lwe-AV,” umcwaningi u-Sebastian Zainalli. utshele i-pv magazine.w
Ucwaningo lubone ukwehla kwamaphesenti angama-38 ekushubeni kwemisebe yelanga ezindaweni ezingaphansi ezifakwe amamojula aqondile we-photovoltaic.
Izimiso eziyinhloko
I-US National Renewable Energy Laboratory inikeze izimiso ezinhlanu zokuphumelela kwe-agrovoltaics, okuhlanganisa:
Isimo sezulu, inhlabathi kanye nezimo zemvelo: Izimo zemvelo zendawo kufanele zifanele kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwelanga kanye nezitshalo ezifunwayo noma ukumboza izimila.
Ukucushwa, ubuchwepheshe belanga kanye nemiklamo: Ukukhethwa kobuchwepheshe belanga, ukuhlelwa kwendawo kanye nezinye izingqalasizinda kungathinta yonke into kusukela ekukhanyeni okufinyelela kuma-solar panel kuya kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugandaganda, uma kunesidingo, ungadlula ngaphansi kwamaphaneli. “Le ngqalasizinda izoba khona iminyaka engu-25 ezayo, ngakho kufanele yenziwe ngendlela efanele ukuze isetshenziswe. Impumelelo yephrojekthi izoncika kuyo,” kusho uJames McCall, umcwaningi we-NREL osebenza ku-InSPIRE.
Ukukhethwa kwezitshalo nezindlela zokutshala, imiklamo yembewu nezimila, kanye nezindlela zokuphatha: Amaphrojekthi we-Agrivoltaic kufanele akhethe izitshalo noma izembozo ezikhula kahle ngaphansi kwamaphaneli esimweni sezulu sasendaweni futhi ezinenzuzo ezimakethe zendawo.
Ukuvumelana nokuvumelana nezimo: I-Agrovoltaics kufanele yakhelwe ngendlela evumelana nezidingo ezingqubuzanayo zabanikazi bokufakwa kwelanga, ama-solar operator kanye nabalimi noma abanikazi bomhlaba ukuze bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yezolimo ephumelelayo.
Ukusebenzisana Nobambiswano: Ukuze noma iyiphi iphrojekthi ibe yimpumelelo, ukuxhumana nokuqondana phakathi kwamaqembu kubalulekile.
Umthombo: https://www.pv-magazine-mexico.com