Umbusi uVladimir Vladimirov uye wabiza ngokuphindaphindiwe imifino ebamba ukushisa enye yezindawo ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa komkhakha wezolimo waseStavropol. Njengoba inhloko yesifunda igcizelela, izinzuzo zokuncintisana zesifunda sethu izinga eliphezulu lemikhiqizo ethatha indawo yokungenisa kwamanye amazwe kanye namathuba okunciphisa izindleko zayo.
Indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwemifino ebamba ukushisa kudlalwa ngokusekelwa komkhakha wezolimo owenziwe yiziphathimandla zombuso wesifunda. Ukuxhaswa ngokwengxenye kwezindleko eziqondile ezitholwe ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo, uxhaso lokukhiqizwa kwemifino yasendlini ekhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obengeziwe bokukhanyisa, uxhaso lokubuyisela ingxenye yezindleko zomsebenzi we-agrotechnology, ukubolekwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezibamba ukushisa - lezi zinyathelo zokusekela. ivumele iStavropol ukuba ibe ngesinye sezifunda ezihamba phambili zaseRussia ekukhiqizeni imifino ebamba ukushisa. Amandla amakhulu wezitshalo ezibamba ukushisa agxile ezifundeni zaseFoothill, Kirov nase-Izobilnensky.
Umsebenzi onzima wansuku zonke wokusekela isimo sokukhula kwemifino ebamba ukushisa wenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lukahulumeni lwe-Stavropol Territory "Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo". Umphathi wohlelo nguMnyango Wezolimo wase-UK.
...Emgwaqweni, amaqabunga aphuzi nabomvu awela buthule ezihlahleni, futhi endaweni enkulu ebamba ukushisa etholakala endaweni yaseFoothill, ihlobo langempela. Amehlo awakujwayeli ngokushesha ukuxokozela kohlaza - ekamelweni elikhulu elinophahla lwengilazi oluphakeme, iziswebhu zekhukhamba eziphakeme ziqondiswe phezulu. Minyaka yonke, ibhizinisi lezolimo, eliqashe abantu abangaphezu kuka-400, likhiqiza amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi emikhiqizo yamavithamini. Ukunambitheka kwamakhukhamba e-foothill athengiswa ngamaketanga amakhulu kakhulu okudayisa kwaziwa kahle kubahlali baseStavropol, kanye nezifunda eziningi zaseCentral Russia, eMoscow.
Ngonyaka odlule, inkampani, eyakha isithombe esihle se-Stavropol emakethe yokudla yaseRussia nomsebenzi wayo, yagubha iminyaka engu-20. Cishe wonke umlando wayo, i-greenhouse complex isebenzise amathuba ahlinzekwa ukusekelwa kombuso ukuze kwandiswe futhi kuthuthukiswe izindawo ezethulwa kancane kancane. Izinhlobo zayo ezihlukahlukene, ezakhiwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lukahulumeni lwe-Stavropol Territory "Development of Agriculture", zenza ukuba izakhamuzi zaseFoothill zibe enye yezinhlangano ezinkulu zezolimo ezibamba ukushisa eNingizimu yeRussia.
Kusukela ngo-2002, inkampani ibilokhu ifuna usizo kuhulumeni we-Stavropol Territory, futhi iziphathimandla zesifunda bezilokhu zizama ukusekela abalimi bemifino. Kuvezwe ngokuyinhloko ekubuyiselweni kwengxenye yezindleko zamandla, isinxephezelo esiyingxenye yezinga lenzalo yemali mboleko eyathathwa ukuze kwandiswe futhi kwenziwe ukukhiqizwa kwesimanjemanje. Mayelana nalokhu, isiza esiyivakashele siyinkomba. Ukuhlukaniswa iziqephu kwenxanxathela kwaqala ukusebenza ngendlela efanayo nje ngenxa yesinxephezelo sezinga lemalimboleko.
Lapho enza umsebenzi, umtshali-zimali wasebenzisa imali yakhe kanye neyakhe ayibolekile. Isamba sakamuva safinyelela kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-550. Igatsha elisha, eliklanyelwe ukukhiqiza amathani ayizinkulungwane ezine zamakhukhamba ngonyaka, lanikeza isifunda nesifunda imisebenzi emisha eyikhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kubuye kwahlinzeka ngemali engenayo yonyaka kwisabelomali samazinga ahlukahlukene ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-100. Okuhlukile kweyunithi okukhulunywa ngayo ukuthi ngenxa yendawo yayo endaweni yokukhanya engu-50-6, ingasebenza ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okwenziwayo, yonga kakhulu ugesi ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza.
I-greenhouse agribusiness yesimanje ayinakucatshangwa ngaphandle kokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zesimanje ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ngakho-ke ukwesekwa kombuso ekwakhiweni kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezintsha endaweni yaseFoothill ngaleso sikhathi kwaba usizo. Namuhla, umsebenzi kanye nolwazi lwabalimi bemifino kuhloswe ngayo ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo engabizi kakhulu, ehambisana nemvelo. Ngakho, izakhamuzi zaseFoothill zashintsha izibulala-zinambuzane - amakhemikhali okubhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi - ngama-entomophages. Izinambuzane ezincane ziyingozi ezinambuzaneni zesiko lekhukhamba futhi zithinta ukulawulwa kwemvelo kwezinombolo zabo.
Ngakho ungakwazi ukwengeza ngokufanelekile isiqalo se-bio kukhukhamba yethu ye-Stavropol. Futhi kukhona elinye iphuzu: ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-entomophages njenge "insecticides eziphilayo" kuphumelela kabili njengama-analogues amakhemikhali, okuthinta izindleko zemikhiqizo zibe ngcono. Phela, ngenxa yesisombululo esisha se-agrotechnological esisetshenzisiwe, izitshalo zekhukhamba zithela izithelo kahle futhi zikwazi ukuqina, izindleko zokukhiqiza kwazo ziyancipha kakhulu.
Njengoba sekushiwo, uMnyango Wezolimo we-Stavropol Territory ungumakhi wohlelo lwesifunda lwe-Stavropol Territory "Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo", ngaphakathi kohlaka lapho kukhona nokusekelwa kokutshala imifino ebamba ukushisa. Umsebenzi wohlelo olubaluleke kakhulu ulawulwa nguMbusi uVladimir Vladimirov. Imiphumela yemisebenzi yenhloko ye-Stavropol, uMnyango Wezolimo wesifunda uboniswa kangcono ngezibalo ezilandelayo. Namuhla isifunda saseStavropol sisezingeni lesihlanu eRussia ngokwezindawo zokukhiqiza zezakhiwo ezibamba ukushisa, indawo yazo idlula amahektha angama-250. Ngemuva kokuqaliswa kwemiklamo emibili emikhulu, indawo ephelele yezindawo zokugcina izithombo izokhula ngamahektha angaphezu kwama-80.
Muva nje, ukukhiqizwa kwemifino ebamba ukushisa esifundeni sethu kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angama-20 - 40 ngonyaka. Ngo-2021, amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100.5 emikhiqizo yemifino eluhlaza aqoqwe eStavropol: ukhukhamba, utamatisi, upelepele omnandi, ama-eggplant, njll. Lona umphumela wesine phakathi kwezifunda zezwe.
Futhi yini elandelayo? UMnyango Wezolimo waseStavropol Territory uyaqhubeka nomsebenzi ohlelekile wokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwemifino ebamba ukushisa, okuhlanganisa nezinyathelo ezintsha zokusekela abalimi njengengxenye yokuqaliswa kohlelo lwesifunda lwe-Stavropol Territory "Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo". Kulo nyaka, kuye kwavela izinyathelo eziningi zokusekela umbuso, kuhlanganise noxhaso lokukhiqizwa kwemifino yasendlini ekhiqizwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obungeziwe bokukhanyisa. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-20.6 abelwe isabelomali sesifunda ngo-2022. Izimali zidluliselwa ngokugcwele kubalimi. Ukwandiswa kwezindawo ezivikelekile ezingaphansi nakho kuyaqhubeka. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2022-2023, kuhlelwe ukuthi kusetshenziswe izindawo ezengeziwe ezifundeni ezimbili zesifunda, okuzovumela ngokwesilinganiso ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-23 ngonyaka.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, uMbusi u-Vladimir Vladimirov uye wagxila ngokuphindaphindiwe endimeni yokusekelwa kombuso kumaphrojekthi okutshalwa kwezimali asetshenziswe endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi ye-agro-industrial yesifunda, okuhlanganisa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo ze-greenhouse ezikhiqiza imifino yenhlabathi evikelwe unyaka wonke.
- Namuhla, ukusekelwa kombuso kungenye yamathuluzi abalulekile asiza abalimi bethu ukunciphisa izindleko ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo yezolimo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu manje, lapho i-Stavropol ihamba phambili ekuqinisekiseni ukutholakala kokudla kwezwe. Sizowuqinisa lo msebenzi,” kusho uVladimir Vladimirov.
Alexander MASHCHENKO
Umthombo: https://stapravda.ru/