Umfundi othole iziqu ze-Azovo-Chernomorsky Engineering Institute uMaxim Popov waklama futhi wakha indawo ebamba ukushisa ezonga amandla ephuma kumanethiwekhi ezinsiza eZernograd. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi i-biovegetaria. Bakuvumela ukuthi ukhule izitshalo ezahlukene ku-greenhouse unyaka wonke. Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo buyaqala ukusetshenziswa kwezolimo futhi abukasatshalaliswa kabanzi.
Manje i-greenhouse eyakhiwe nguMaxim Popov iyahlolwa. Yaqala ukukhula ama-microgreens kanye nemifino yendabuko. Ngokusho kukaMaxim, isivuno sihle futhi kakade iletha imali.
UMaxim Popov, usosayensi kanye nosomabhizinisi osafufusa, wagqugquzelwa ukuba aqale ukuthuthukisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ngumphathi wakhe. UMaxim wayengafuni ukufunda izindawo zokugcina izithombo, kodwa, ngemva kokulalela iseluleko sabalingani bakhe, wazama futhi waba nesithakazelo esihlokweni.
- Ngisho naseMantshini, bangihlupha ukuba ngenze izindlu zokugcina izithombo, kodwa angizange, ngangingenawo umphefumulo walokhu. Ngabe sengingena esikoleni sokuphothula iziqu, umphathi wami wathembisa ukwenza ama-greenhouses, ngavuma. Hhayi-ke, asihambe. Saqala ukubhala kancane kancane izihloko zesayensi, ukuze siqongelele izinto futhi safika ekuthuthukisweni kwe-bio-vegetarian.
Ngo-2019, uMaxim wawina umncintiswano we-Umnik futhi wathola isibonelelo esivela ku-Innovation Promotion Fund ngenani lama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500, okwamvumela ukuthi adlulisele iphrojekthi isuka emidwebeni iye empilweni. Esizeni sakhe eZernograd, uMaxim wakha isampula yokuqala ye-greenhouse.
Izindlu zokugcina izithombo ze-Bio-vegetarian zihlukile ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezivamile ngoba zisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kumanethiwekhi osizo futhi zinganikeza ukushisa unyaka wonke. Amandla elanga aguqulwa abe amandla kagesi kusetshenziswa amamojula we-photovoltaic. Ukuze kutholakale amanzi, kwenziwa umthombo ngaphansi kwezimila. Amanzi aphuma kuwo aphonswa emathangeni afakwe eduze kwe-greenhouse. Enye inzuzo ye-bio-vegetation ngaphezu kwezindlu zokugcina izithombo zendabuko ukuba khona kodonga olusenyakatho olusenyakatho, okunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa esimweni sezulu esibandayo.
Isici esiyinhloko se-bio-vegetation uhlelo lokugcina kanye nokuqoqwa kokushisa emhlabathini. I-polystyrene enwetshiwe ibekwe ekujuleni okungaba ngu-50 cm. Kuthululelwa ungqimba lwesihlabathi kanye nengxube ye-gravel, izifunda zokuhambisa ukushisa zifakwe, bese kubekwa enye ingxube yengxube, ukhonkolo uthululelwa, ungqimba lomhlabathi luthululelwa phezulu.
Ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezivamile, lapho izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likhuphuka ngesikhathi esifudumele sosuku, amafasitela avuleka futhi kungena umoya ojulile. Ku-bio-vegetarians, ukugeleza kokushisa akuqondiswanga emgwaqweni, kodwa ngaphansi kwenhlabathi kube ukhonkolo. Uma kubanda, ukhonkolo ukhipha ukushisa, kusukela ohlelweni lwenhlabathi engaphansi, ukugeleza kuqondiswe kabusha phezulu.
Manje isampula yokuhlola ye-biovegetaria iyahlolwa. Ngonyaka wesibili, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-20 zama-microgreens nemifino yakudala zitshalwa lapho.
Ama-greenhouses aklanyelwe izindawo zokuhlala zokulima, lapho kukhona ugesi ophakathi nendawo, kodwa ukuxhumana akwenziwa emasimini. Ukudalwa kwe-bio-vegetarian kukuvumela ukuthi wonge ekuxhumeni amanethiwekhi futhi ushise i-greenhouse. NgokukaMaksim, lapho isithwathwa sifinyelela ku-23 °C ebusika, sasiba +13 °C endaweni ebamba ukushisa. Naphezu kwezinzuzo zesitshalo semifino, kunzima ukwethula ibhizinisi lokukhiqiza kwabo nokuletha iphrojekthi emakethe. UMaxim Popov akahlelile ukuthengisa izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezinjalo manje. Isidingo kungenzeka sibe phansi. Esimweni esibucayi samanje, wonke umuntu uzama ukulondoloza imali, ngakho-ke bazokhetha i-greenhouse yendabuko, izindleko zazo ezingaphansi izikhathi eziningana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzothatha okungenani iminyaka emi-5 ukuhlola isitshalo semifino, kufanele sihlolwe kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-15. Ubuchwepheshe bokudala kufanele bubhalwe ngokucacile, wonke amaphutha akhonjwe esigabeni sokuklama ayasuswa, amanothi kaMaxim:
— Ngazakhela i-greenhouse ngokwami, ngosizo lwabangane nomndeni. Kukhona lapho abakwenze khona ngokukhohlisa, benza amaphutha, bakhipha amaphutha okufanele alungiswe futhi aphinde alungiswe.
Umsunguli wayo uhlela ukusebenzisa i-greenhouse ukuze athuthukise ezolimo zakhe. UMaxim usevele wadala futhi ukhuthaza uhlobo lwe-Max Greenhouse, lapho ethengisa khona imikhiqizo ekhulile endaweni yokushisa. Ungatshala noma yini ezitshalweni, ngisho namazambane, amahlaya kaMaxim Popov:
- Lapha kuyadingeka ukusondela ngokombono wokuba nokwenzeka kwezomnotho. Isikhathi sokukhula sikatamatisi yizinyanga ezi-3, isipinashi, i-arugula, i-kale - izinsuku ezingu-21. Ngakho-ke, sigxile ekutshaleni, futhi abantu bakuthatha kahle, isidingo sihle.
Manje ukuqaliswa ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi omphakathi. Ezinhlelweni zesikhathi esizayo esiseduze - isiphetho sezinkontileka nezindawo zokudlela namathilomu. Cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-600 atshalwe ekudalweni kwe-greenhouse, izinkulungwane ezingama-500 zazo ezaziyisibonelelo, izinkulungwane eziyi-100 zaziyimali yomsunguli uqobo. Iphrojekthi isiqalile ukukhokha futhi ingenise imali. Iminyaka emibili, uMaxim ukwazile ukuphinda athathe ama-25-30% ezimali ezitshaliwe. Ehlobo, uhlela ukwandisa indawo yepulazi lakhe futhi akhe iyunithi yesibili yemifino.