Ochwepheshe benkundla enkulu yokuqasha e-inthanethi yaseRussia ethi hh.ru bahlaziye izikhala ezingaphezu kuka-36,000 ezifakwe izinkampani emkhakheni wezolimo futhi bathola ukuthi yiziphi izingcweti ezidingwa yimboni, zizimisele kangakanani ukukhokha, nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo abasebenzi abanelungelo lokuzithola.
Kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, izinkampani zaseRussia ezihambisana nemboni yezolimo zithumele izikhala ezingaphezu kuka-36,000 ku-hh.ru. Lokhu kungu-20% ngaphezu kuka-2021. Isidingo esiphezulu sabasebenzi abasha sabhalwa eMoscow (10% yemisebenzi embonini), i-Krasnodar Territory (8%), i-Voronezh ne-Rostov Regions (8% no-6% ngokulandelana).
Izifunda eziphezulu ngesabelo sezikhala ze-Agriculture.png
Ngaphezu kwakho konke, izinkampani zaseRussia, ngokubheka inani lezikhala emkhakheni wezolimo, azikho abaphathi bezokuthengisa (6% wezikhala ngoJulayi), izazi zezolimo namahlathi (4%), abashayeli (4%), odokotela bezilwane, abakhi bemishini, omakhenikha, ababalisi, imigqa yokukhiqiza opharetha, ama-handymen, abathengisi (3% wezikhala zomsebenzi ngamunye), ochwepheshe bemishini, abapakisha, abahleli bezinhlelo, abathengi, ochwepheshe bemfuyo, abagcini bezitolo, ochwepheshe, osomnotho (2% ngamunye).
Manje abaqashi bezolimo banikeza abasebenzi besikhathi esizayo, ngokwesilinganiso, kufika kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-45. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza emikhakheni eminingi kwezolimo kunenzuzo enkulu ukwedlula amakhono afanayo, kodwa kwezinye izimboni. Ngakho-ke, osomnotho kwezolimo sebelungele ukukhokha ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50, futhi ngokuvamile, abaqashi banikela ngama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-46 emakethe yezabasebenzi. Umehluko emiholweni yonjiniyela bokuklama ungafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 ngokuvuna umkhakha wezolimo, isimo esifanayo sisezikhaleni zabaphathi bokuthengisa (umehluko ungama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15), ezikhaleni zokuthenga abaphathi (kufika kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25).
Ngenkonzo ende kwezolimo, inkokhelo eyengeziwe iyasungulwa - i-25% yenkokhelo ehleliwe yempesheni yomshwalense. Siyasho ukuthi hlobo luni lwesibonelelo futhi ubani ongathembela kukho. Lesi yisibonelelo sabasebenzi abahola impesheni asebesebenze isikhathi eside emaphandleni. Inani lesengezo sanyanga zonke singama-25% enkokhelo emisiwe yempesheni yomshwalense. Inkokhelo engaguquki ngokwayo ikhuphuka njalo, ngakho-ke i-premium nayo iyakhula. Kusukela ngoJuni 1, 2022, yi-1805 ruble 19 kopecks ngenyanga.
Ukuze uthole isibonelelo, kufanele ufake isicelo ku-FIU ngesicelo. Ngaphambilini, ochwepheshe beSikhwama Sempesheni bahlole ukuthi umenzi wesicelo uyahambisana yini nale mibandela elandelayo:
– Impesheni engasebenzi ehlala emaphandleni.
– Okungenani iminyaka engu-30 yekhalenda yesipiliyoni somsebenzi kwezolimo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhundla nangobuchwepheshe, okunikeza ilungelo lokusungula inani elikhuphukile lenkokhelo engaguquki empeshenini yomshwalense. Lolu hlu luhlanganisa imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-500: izazi zezolimo namahlathi, abaqhubi bemishini, abafuyi bezinyosi, njll.
Okuhlukile yinkathi yokusebenza eRussia kuze kube nguJanuwari 1, 1992 emapulazini ahlangene, iziteshi zemishini kanye nogandaganda, amapulazi kahulumeni kanye namanye amabhizinisi ezolimo. Ifakwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwasemakhaya ngaphandle kokuhlola ukuhambisana nomsebenzi, okukhethekile noma isikhundla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminyaka engaba yisithupha yenkonzo ingafakwa isikhathi sokunakekela ingane efinyelela eminyakeni eyi-1.5. Kodwa umzali oyedwa kuphela ongenza lokhu, hhayi bobabili.
Ngonyaka odlule, ngokwe-FIU, cishe abantu abayizi-900,000 basebenzise leli thuba. Kodwa kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2022, egameni likaMongameli, umbuthano wabamukeli besibonelelo unwetshiwe. Asisekho isidingo sokuhlala emaphandleni. Ngempela, ngokuvamile abantu asebekhulile bathuthela edolobheni ukuze bahlale nezihlobo noma indawo yabo yokuhlala ihlanganiswe nomngcele wedolobha elikhulayo. Ngaphambilini, ezimweni ezinjalo, ohola impesheni walahlekelwa ilungelo lokukhokhiswa imali eyengeziwe, manje isilondoloziwe. Eminye imibandela yokuthola ibhonasi iyaqhubeka nokusebenza.