Njengoba inani labantu emhlabeni wonke kulindeleke ukuthi lifinyelele ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10 ngo-2050, izinselele zokutholakala kokudla kanye nokuvikeleka kokudla ziya ngokuya ziba nzima. Ukushoda okwandayo komhlaba wokulima nokushoda kwamanzi kubeka ingcindezi ezindleleni zokulima zendabuko. Ukulima endlini, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulima okuqondile, kunikeza isisombululo esithembisayo kulezi zinselele.
Ukulima kwasendlini kuhilela ukukhiqizwa kokudla ezindaweni ezivalekile lapho izici zemvelo ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukukhanya, okuqukethwe kwe-CO2 emoyeni, nokuqukethwe kwezakhi emhlabathini kungalawulwa ngokunembile ukuze kukhuthaze ukukhula okuhle kwezitshalo. I-Siemens, umholi womhlaba wonke kwezobuchwepheshe be-automation kanye ne-digitalization, inikeza izixazululo zokwenza ukulima kwasendlini kuphephe futhi kukhiqize kakhudlwana.
Isibonelo, i-Siemens ibambisene ne-80 Acres Farms, inkampani yokulima ngaphakathi endlini esebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo amaphesenti angu-100 ukuqhuba amapulazi ayo, ikhiqiza izikhathi ezingu-300 ngaphezu kwamapulazi avamile, futhi isebenzisa amanzi angaphansi ngamaphesenti angama-95. Ngobuchwepheshe be-Siemens, i-80 Acres Farms iyakwazi ukuqapha futhi ilungise izimo ezikhulayo zezitshalo zayo ubusuku nemini, iqinisekisa ukukhula kwezitshalo okuphelele.
Ukulima kwasendlini nakho kunikeza izinzuzo zokonga izinsiza. Ngokutshala izitshalo ku-hydroponics, okubandakanya ukutshala izitshalo kwisisombululo esicebile izakhi esikhundleni senhlabathi, inani elifanayo lokudla lingakhiqizwa endaweni encane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezolimo zendabuko. Ukwengeza, isivuno sikhulu kakhulu, okwenza ukulima endlini kube indlela ephumelelayo neqhubekayo yokukhiqiza ukudla.
Ikusasa lezolimo lilele emicabangweni emisha efana nokulima endlini, okuzosiza ukubhekana nezinselelo ezikhulayo zokuhlinzekwa kokudla kanye nokuvikeleka kokudla. Ngobuchwepheshe be-digitalization kanye ne-automation, ukukhula okuphezulu kwezitshalo kungaqinisekiswa, okwenza ukulima kwasendlini kube enye indlela ephephile nekhiqizayo kunezolimo zendabuko.
Ukulima Okuqondile: Isixazululo Esiqhubekayo Sokushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu kanye Nokungavikeleki Kokudla
Imiphumela yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu iya ngokuya ibonakala, njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo kuba ngomunye wemikhakha enomthelela omkhulu. Ukuze kubhekwane nale nselele, abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, onjiniyela bezolimo, nososayensi baphendukela ezixazululweni ezintsha ezifana nokulima okuqondile. Lo mkhuba uhlanganisa ukutshala izitshalo ezendlalelo ezipakishwe ziqonde phezulu, kusetshenziswa izibani zokwenziwa, kanye nezindawo ezilawulwa ngokunembile. Ukulima okuqondile kunikeza izinzuzo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqiza unyaka wonke, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, kanye nesivuno esiphezulu sezitshalo.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yokulima okuqondile ikhono lakho lokunqoba izinselele ezihlobene nesimo sezulu. Ngezolimo zendabuko, izitshalo zisengozini yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu njengesomiso, izikhukhula, namazinga okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno kanye nokuhluleka kwezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ukulima endlini kungasebenza ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu, kuqinisekise ukutholakala kokudla okuzinzile nokuthembekile. Ukwengeza, ngokunciphisa amabanga ezokuthutha, ukulima endlini kunganciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa, kube nomthelela endaweni ehlanzekile.
Enye inzuzo yokulima okuqondile ukuguquguquka kwayo ngokwendawo. Ngokungafani nezolimo ezivamile, ezidinga umhlaba ovundile, izimo zezulu ezivumayo, nendawo eyanele, ukulima okuqondile kungasungulwa cishe noma kuphi, kuhlanganise nezingwadule, izifunda ezimaphakathi nezindawo zasemadolobheni. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obufana ne-automation kanye ne-digitalization, ukulima kwangaphakathi kungafinyelela ukukhula kwezitshalo okuhle kunoma iyiphi indawo, kunikeze isisombululo esimeme sokungavikeleki kokudla.
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva, ukulima kwangaphakathi kubhekene nokukhula okuphawulekayo kwemakethe, nokunyuka kwaminyaka yonke ngamaphesenti angu-25. Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi amandla emakethe ezixazululo zokulima kwangaphakathi cishe ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3, okubonisa isithakazelo esikhulayo kwezolimo ezisimeme. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-blockchain nezinye izixazululo ezintsha, ukulima kwasendlini kungabuye kuqinisekise ukubeka izinto obala kanye nokulandeleka kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka, kwakha ukwethembana phakathi kwabathengi nababambiqhaza.
I-Scaling Vertical Farming: I-Siemens kanye ne-80 Acres Farms i-Digitalizing Indoor Agriculture
Ukulima okuqondile sekuthole ukuthandwa eminyakeni yamuva nje njengendlela eqhubekayo yokukhiqiza ukudla ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezinendawo elinganiselwe. Iphrojekthi yakamuva eyenziwe ngabakwa-Siemens kanye ne-80 Acres Farms, inkampani ehamba phambili yokulima endlini ezinze e-Ohio (USA), ikhombisa izinzuzo zokulima okuqondile okudijithali. Ngokwemininingwane evela kuphrojekthi, ukulima endlini kungakhiqiza ukudla okuphindwe ka-300 ngemitha yesikwele kunezindlela zokulima zendabuko, kuyilapho kusetshenziswa amanzi angaphansi ngamaphesenti angama-95.
I-Siemens isiza i-80 Acres Farms ukukala amapulazi abo angaphakathi ngokwenza imisebenzi yabo ibe yidijithali ngokusebenzisa inkundla eyiluphu eyakhiwe inkampani engaphansi kwayo, i-Infinite Acres. Le phrojekthi igxile endleleni ephelele ehlanganisa imishini yokusabalalisa amandla, amandla nobuchwepheshe bokuphatha izakhiwo, izixazululo ze-automation kanye ne-digitalization, kanye namarobhothi kanye ne-automation ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqiza. Inkundla ivumela ukugadwa komlilo, ukuphepha, nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa amandla ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa. Amadivayisi we-Edge kanye nokuxhumana komshini womuntu nakho kuqapha ukuphathwa kwezitshalo nokulawula izimo zemvelo.
Ngenkathi ukulima kwasendlini kudla amandla amaningi kakhulu kunezolimo ezivulekile, ama-80 Acres Farms asebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo angamaphesenti ayi-100 ukuqhuba amapulazi awo. Lo msebenzi usekelwa uxhaso lwezimali lwe-equity oluvela kwa-Siemens Financial Services (SFS), ukuqinisekisa indlela esimeme yokukhuphula ukulima kwangaphakathi.
Sengiphetha, ukulima okuqondile okudijithali kunikeza indlela esimeme nephumelelayo yokukhiqiza ukudla. Iphrojekthi ye-Siemens kanye ne-80 Acres Farms igqamisa izinzuzo zokukala ukulima kwangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa indlela ephelele ehlanganisa i-automation, digitalization, kanye nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. Njengoba isidingo sokukhiqizwa kokudla okusimeme sikhula, ukulima kwangaphakathi kunikeza isisombululo esithembisayo sokondla inani labantu bethu elikhulayo.