Izinhlobo Eziqinile Ezizokhishwa Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi Kulo nyaka Kubalimi
Ukulahlekelwa kwe-Strawberry kusuka I-Fusarium ukufisa kungase kungabi usongo oluncane ngemva kokuba abacwaningi baseYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eDavis, bethole izakhi zofuzo ezimelana nesifo esibulalayo esitholakala emhlabathini.
Okutholakele, kushicilelwe kumagazini I-Theory and Applied Genetics, kuwumvuthwandaba womsebenzi weminyaka eminingana, futhi ukutholakala kuzosiza ekuvikeleni ekulahlekeni kwezifo, kusho uSteve Knapp, umqondisi wenhlangano. Uhlelo lokuzalanisa ama-Strawberry e-UC Davis.
“Esikufezile lapha kubalulekile futhi kubalulekile embonini futhi kuzovikela abalimi,” kusho uKnapp.
Ama-Strawberry ayisitshalo esibalulekile eCalifornia, lapho kutshalwa khona cishe amakhilogremu ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.8 esithelo esinomsoco unyaka ngamunye, enza cishe ama-88% alokho okuvunwa e-United States.
Ukuthola izakhi zofuzo kungavimbela a I-Fusarium ubhubhane.
"Lesi sifo sesiqale ukuvela kaningi phezulu naphansi," kusho uGlenn Cole, umlimi nomphathi wensimu ohlelweni lokuzalanisa i-Strawberry. Uma i-wilt ingena, isitshalo sivele siphahlazeke. Usufile ngokuphelele."
Isesha ukumelana
Ososayensi base-UC Davis bahlole izinkulungwane zezitshalo zamasitrobheli enkulisa yaseKolishi Lesayensi Yezolimo Nezemvelo futhi bathatha amasampula e-DNA. Babe sebesebenzisa ukuhlola izakhi zofuzo futhi benza ukuhlola kwe-DNA ukukhomba izakhi zofuzo ezimelana nomjaho oyinhloko we I-Fusarium funa.
"Izakhi zofuzo bezilokhu zintanta ku-strawberry germplasm izinkulungwane zeminyaka," kusho uCole, kodwa akekho osebenze ukuze azikhombe.
Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwakamuva kuletha "ama-strawberry ekhulwini lama-21 mayelana nokuxazulula le nkinga," kusho u-Knapp.
Ukuvikela izitshalo zesikhathi esizayo
Lo msebenzi usho ukuthi abalimi bangakwazi ukwethula isakhi sofuzo ezinhlobonhlobo zesikhathi esizayo zamasitrobheli. Kulekwindla lolu hlelo luzokhipha ama-cultivar amasha ane- I-Fusarium isakhi sofuzo sokumelana ne-wilt. Futhi amathuluzi okuxilonga i-DNA azosiza abafuyi baphendule kokusha I-Fusarium izinhlobonhlobo ze-wilt ezithuthukayo.
“Kuzoba nezinsongo ezintsha futhi sifuna ukuzilungiselela,” kusho uKnapp. "Sifuna ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani kuma-strawberries ukuze njengoba kuvela izinsongo ezintsha, sikwazi ukubhekana nazo ngokushesha okukhulu."
“Uma ungenayo I-Fusarium ukumelana, usuqedile,” kusho uCole. "Isifo singaba ngaphezu kwalokho ocabanga ngakho."
I-Fusarium i-wilt ibikade ingakabi yinkinga, kodwa ngenkathi i-fumigant methyl bromide iqedwa ngo-2005, izinto zashintsha. Lesi sifo sasisenhlabathini, futhi ngaphandle kwesikhutha, izimo zokubuna zanda, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho izitshalo zingashintshiwe.
Ukuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha
I-Knapp kanye ne-Cole baye bazisa imboni mayelana nezinhlobo zamanje zama-strawberry ezikwazi ukumelana ukuze bakwazi ukukhetha izitshalo ezinaleso sivikelo esengeziwe. Izinhlobo ezintsha ezingazweli eziphuma kamuva kulo nyaka zizofaneleka izinkathi ezimbalwa zokukhula.
“Kuyinto enkulu,” kusho uCole. "Yonke into iyakhula ekuzaleni izitshalo, kodwa inkulu."
Ososayensi bezitshalo bebezalanisa ama-strawberry e-UC Davis kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1930s, futhi bakhiphe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 ezinelungelo lobunikazi ngohlelo lokuzalanisa lomphakathi.
Wonke umsebenzi wenzeka e-UC Davis. U-Dominique Pincot, uMitchell Feldmann, uMishi Vachev, u-Marta Bjornson, u-Alan Rodriguez, u-Randi Famula no-Gitta Coaker abavela eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezitshalo, kanye no-Thomas Gordon ovela eMnyangweni we-Plant Pathology baba nesandla ocwaningweni, njengoba kwenza uMichael Hardigan no-Peter Henry, owaba nesandla kulolu cwaningo. manje base-US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, kanye no-Nicholas Cobo, ose-University of La Frontera eChile.
Ucwaningo luxhaswe ngu-UC Davis kanye nezibonelelo ezivela ku-USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative.
Umthombo: https://www.ucdavis.edu