#wintercucumber #greenhousecultivation #agriculturalinnovation #cropmanagement #sustainablefarming #agrotechnology #vegetableproduction #precisionfarming #agriculturalresearch #cucumbertrends
Enkabeni yobusika, lapho ukukhanya kwemvelo kuyindlala, abalimi bakakhukhamba babhekana nezinselele ekugcineni izimo ezifanele zokukhula kwezitshalo ezisebenzayo. Lesi sihloko sembula imininingwane ebalulekile yokuphatha izitshalo zekhukhamba elibamba ukushisa phakathi nenkathi yasebusika, idingida izici ezibalulekile ezifana namazinga okukhanya, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, ukuphathwa kokunisela, nokunye. Usebenzisa idatha yakamuva yemboni, thola izindlela ezintsha abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi abangazisebenzisa ukuze banqobe izinselele zokukhiqiza ebusika futhi bazuze izivuno ezichumayo zamakhukhamba.
Ukuphatha Izitshalo Zokushisa Ebusika: Ukuxazulula Izinselele
Ukutshalwa kwekhukhamba ebusika ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kuveza isethi eyingqayizivele yezinselele, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yamazinga okukhanya alinganiselwe. Ukuqonda amandla okukhanya, umthelela wawo emazingeni okukhula kwekhukhamba, kanye nokuhlobana kwawo nezinye izici zemvelo kubalulekile ekuphatheni ngempumelelo.
Ukuhlakulela Isisekelo Esiqinile: I-Vegetative Focus
Ukuthola isivuno esiqinile sekhukhamba, ukuqondisa ukufakelwa kwezithombo ezinezinsuku ezingama-25 kuya kwezingama-30 kubalulekile. Ukugcizelela isigaba semifino ekuqaleni kusiza ukwakha izitshalo eziqinile, ukugwema izinkinga ezifana neziqu ezincane namaqabunga abuthakathaka. Ukulinganisa ukukhula ezikhwameni ezikhulayo kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okuphelele.
Ukulawulwa Kwezinga Lokushisa Kokukhiqiza Okuthuthukisiwe
Ukugcina amazinga okushisa anembile kubalulekile. Ezitshalweni zamakhukhamba ebusika, isilinganiso sokushisa komoya samahora angu-24 kufanele sisuke ku-21.5°C ngezinsuku ezimnyama siye ku-23.5°C ngezinsuku ezinelanga. Ukulungiswa kwamasu okushisa ngemva kwesethi yesithelo sokuqala kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-stem fruit ngempumelelo.
Ukuphathwa kwe-CO2 kwezitshalo zasebusika
Ukugcina izinga eliphezulu le-CO2 lika-800 ppm kubalulekile ku-photosynthesis, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni zasebusika ezinokukhanya okulinganiselwe kwemvelo. Ukuqapha kuyelulekwa ngokumelene nokudlula i-1000 ppm, futhi abalimi kufanele baqaphele ukungcola okungaba khona ku-flue gas CO2 ngesikhathi kulinywa ubusika.
Amasu okunisela kanye nokudla
Ukuphatha kahle ukuchelela nokudla kubaluleke kakhulu ezitshalweni zasebusika. Ukulinganisa ibhalansi kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukukhula ngokweqile kwezitshalo. Ukusebenzisa amanani aphezulu e-Electrical Conductivity (EC), acishe abe ngu-3.0, nokuqapha ama-trace elements, ikakhulukazi okusansimbi, kuqinisekisa ukukhula kwezitshalo okuhlangene nokunokulinganisela.
Ukucatshangelwa kwe-Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD).
Ukugcina isimo sezulu esisebenzayo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi ngoJanuwari noFebruwari. Ukukhomba i-VPD phakathi kwamagremu amathathu kuya kwayisikhombisa/m3 omoya kuqinisekisa ukuphefumula okusebenzayo. Ukulungiswa, okuhlanganisa ukushisa kwamapayipi nokuqhekeka komoya, kusiza ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-VPD, ukugwema ukuminyana ezitshalweni.
Ukuthuthukisa Amazinga Okukhanya Ezilimo Zekhukhamba
Ukukhanya okusuka ku-50 kuya ku-150 joules/cm2 ezigabeni zokuqala zokutshala kubalulekile. Ukulungiswa phakathi nenkathi yamafu enwetshiwe kunomthelela ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo. Ukuhlanganisa izinombolo zeqabunga nezithelo ngokusekelwe ezinhlelweni zokutshala, ezifana "nesambulela" noma ucingo oluphezulu, kuqinisekisa ibhalansi yemifino neyokukhiqiza.
Ukuphatha ngempumelelo izitshalo zekhukhamba zasebusika ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kudinga indlela ecophelelayo. Ngokuhlanganisa idatha yakamuva yemboni nokusebenzisa amasu amasha ekulawuleni ukukhanya, ukulawula izinga lokushisa, ukulawulwa kwe-CO2, nezinqubo zokunisela, abalimi bangathuthukisa ukukhiqiza futhi bathole isivuno esichumayo samakhukhamba ngisho nasezinyanga ezibanda kakhulu.