Ezolimo, Ukongiwa Amanzi, Ukulima Okuqhubekayo, I-Drip Irrigation, I-Agricultural Innovation, Inner Mongolia, Hetao Irrigation Area, Yellow River, Crop Yields, Water Management, Cooperative Farming, Environmental Sustainability
Thola ukuthi amaphrojekthi okunisela ngenkasa esifundeni sase-Hetao e-Inner Mongolia awazange akhulise ngokuphawulekayo okuphumayo okusanhlamvu kuphela kodwa futhi alondoloze nemithombo yamanzi ebalulekile. Funda mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva yezinqubo zezolimo zokonga amanzi kanye nomthelela wazo omuhle emiphakathini yabalimi.
Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, indawo yokunisela yase-Hetao e-Inner Mongolia isibe isibonelo esigqamile sezolimo esimeme, ukongiwa kwamanzi, nokwanda kwesivuno sezitshalo. Lesi sifunda, esingesinye sezinkulu kakhulu zohlobo lwaso e-China, sibone uguquko olumangalisayo emikhubeni yaso yezolimo. Eminyakeni engu-30 nangaphezulu edlule, indawo yokunisela yase-Hetao ibone ukwehla okukhulu kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi eMfuleni Ophuzi ngenkathi kanye kanye nokukhuphuka okuphawulekayo kokuphumayo kokusanhlamvu.
Idatha kanye nezimpumelelo:
Umkhiqizo wokusanhlamvu endaweni yase-Bayannuur e-Inner Mongolia ufinyelele amathani amamethrikhi ayizigidi ezingu-2.9 ngonyaka odlule, okuwukukhuphuka okukhulu kusuka kumathani ayi-875,000 ngo-1987, ngokusho komnyango wendawo wemithombo yamanzi. Lokhu kukhula okumangalisayo komkhiqizo wezolimo akuzange kufike ngezindleko zemithombo yamanzi. Eqinisweni, inani lamanzi aphambukiswa emfuleni Ophuzi ngenhloso yokuchelela lehlile lisuka ku-5.2 billion cubic metres ngo-1990 laya cishe kuma-cubic metres ayizigidigidi ezi-3.8 ngonyaka odlule, okubonisa ukuzibophezela okuncomekayo ekongeni amanzi.
Ukuguqulwa ngempumelelo kwendawo yokunisela yase-Hetao kungabangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene:
1. Ukukhuthazwa Kwezolimo Ezisebenza Kakhulu, Ezonga Amanzi: Iziphathimandla zendawo zibambe iqhaza ekukhuthazeni izindlela zezolimo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezonga amanzi. Isibonelo esihle ukwamukelwa okusabalele kobuchwepheshe bokuchelela nge-drip, osekuguqule ukulima esifundeni.
2. Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Okukhaliphile: Indawo ekhaliphile yokubonisa ukutshalwa kukapelepele esifundeni sase-Bayannuur e-Linhe iyisibonelo sale ndlela yokwenza. Le zone isebenzisa i-automatic drip irrigation system elungisa ukulethwa kwamanzi ngokusekelwe emazingeni omswakama wenhlabathi. Iqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi asetshenziswa ngaso leso sikhathi futhi lapho edingeka khona, kunciphisa ukumoshakala.
3. Ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-Innovative Technologies: Uhulumeni wasekhaya utshale imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5 zama-yuan (amaRandi angu-687,660) ngonyaka odlule ukuze asungule izindawo ezinhlanu zokuhlola ukukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuchelela nge-drip. Lezi zinhlelo zokuhlola azigcinanga nje ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nomanyolo ngo-30% kodwa futhi zehlise ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngo-20%.
4. Ukulima ngokubambisana: Amadolobhana ase-Dengkou County asungule umfelandawonye wokunisela, wethula ubuchwepheshe be-drip futhi ukhuthaze abalimi ukuthi batshale isilimo esifanayo emapulazini ahlangene. Le ndlela ivumela ukuchelela okugxilile nokusebenza kahle, kuqhubeke nokonga imithombo yamanzi.
Indawo yokunisela yase-Hetao isebenza njengesibonelo esikhazimulayo somthelela omuhle imikhuba yezolimo esimeme kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokunisela ezingaba nawo kukho kokubili izivuno zezitshalo nokongiwa kwamanzi. Ngokuphathwa kwamanzi ngobuhlakani, ukutshalwa kwezimali kubuchwepheshe besimanje, kanye nemizamo yokubambisana, lesi sifunda sizuze imiphumela emangalisayo. Njengoba siqhubekela phambili, izindaba ezinjalo zempumelelo kufanele zikhuthaze abalimi, izazi zezolimo, onjiniyela bezolimo, abanikazi bamapulazi, nososayensi abasebenza kwezolimo ukuhlola izindlela ezifanayo zokuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kokudla kanye nokusimama kwemvelo.
Ukwengeza, iphrojekthi eqhubekayo okuhloswe ngayo ukunciphisa ukuvuza kwemisele yamanzi kanye nokonga ama-cubic metres ayizigidi eziyi-148 zamanzi minyaka yonke iwubufakazi bokuzibophezela kwesifunda ekulondolozeni imithombo yaso yamanzi ayigugu. Le mizamo ayizuzi nje kuphela umphakathi wendawo wezolimo kodwa futhi ifaka isandla ekusaseni elisimeme nelinobungani kwemvelo kwezolimo.
Omaka: Ezolimo, Ukongiwa Amanzi, Ukulima Okusimeme, Ukunisela Nge-Drip, I-Agricultural Innovation, I-Inner Mongolia, I-Hetao Irrigation Area, Yellow River, Crop Yields, Water Management, Cooperative Farming, Environmental Sustainability.