Kusukela kwakhululwa okokuqala kwe-Indoor AgTech Landscape yethu ngo-2019, ezolimo zasendlini ziye zaqhubeka nokudonsa ukunaka okukhulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ngenxa yezinzuzo eziphoqelelayo zokutshala ukudla endaweni elawulwayo yasendlini. Lapha ungathola i-Indoor AgTech Landscape ebuyekeziwe ka-2021 (landa lapha). Kanye nokuphawula okuhambisana neqhaza lalolu hlelo lokukhiqiza oluthuthukayo ekubhekaneni nezinselelo ezibhekene nawo wonke umkhakha wokudla.
I-Indoor Ag *iwuhlelo lwethu lokudla
Enye yezinto ezihlaba umxhwele kwezolimo zasendlini ukuthi i-microcosm yohlelo lwethu lokudla. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingaphakathi kwe-greenhouse noma indawo engenalanga (ipulazi elimile), le ndlela yokulima ihlanganisa ukukhiqizwa ukuze kudliwe, lapho abaningi abasebenza ngaphakathi bakhangisa umkhiqizo wabo kubathengi njengemikhiqizo enegama. Njengoba sihlola ngezansi, uchungechunge lwenani le-ag lwangaphakathi lubonisa inani lezinselele namathuba abhekene nalo lonke uhlelo lwethu lokudla namuhla: uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka, ukuphepha, ukusimama, kanye nabasebenzi. Vele, ubhubhane olu-1 lwe-COVID-19 lwangena futhi lwathinta ingxenye ngayinye yalolo hlelo, kwesinye isikhathi lwakhulisa izinselelo, kanti kwezinye, lusheshisa ushintsho nokukhula.
Le Indoor AgTech Landscape 2021 ihlinzeka ngesifinyezo sobuchwepheshe kanye ne-ecosystem emisha yochungechunge lwenani lokukhiqizwa kokudla kwangaphakathi. Ukwakheka kwezwe kusuka ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe kuya kubahlinzeki bezinhlelo ezikhulayo eziphelele kuye kubasebenzi bangempela bamapulazi angaphakathi kwezobuchwepheshe. Njengangaphambili, i-landscape ayihloselwe ukuba iphelele. Nakuba silandelela izinkampani ezingaphezu kuka-1,300 kulo mkhakha, le landscape imele isethi encane futhi isebenzela ukugqamisa abadlali abasungula izinto ezintsha abasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nolwazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kokudla kwasendlini ngezinga elikhulu.
Kuvelaphi ukudla kwami?
Lo bhubhane ugqamise ukushiyeka kwe-supply chain futhi wakhulisa izifiso zabathengi zokwazi ukuthi ukudla kwabo kuvelaphi, kucutshungulwe futhi kwapakishwa ngokuphepha kangakanani, nokuthi sekuhambe ibanga elingakanani ukuze bafinyelele kubo. Isici esibalulekile sokulima kwangaphakathi amandla akhelwe ngaphakathi okubhekana nalezi zinselele nezinye zohlelo lwamanje lokudla.
Abalimi abasendlini bangathola imisebenzi yabo eduze nezikhungo zokusabalalisa kanye nabathengi, banciphise amamayela okudla kanye nezindawo zokuthinta, bakwazi ukuletha umkhiqizo omusha njalo futhi banciphise ukumosheka kokudla, futhi bafune ukuhlukaniswa “kwendawo” okufiselekayo. Uhlelo olusabalalisiwe lungaphinda lwengeze ukuqina kumaketango wokuhlinzeka ngokuncika kakhulu emithonjeni ekhethekile kanye nempahla ephuma ngaphandle.
Ukukhula kwendawo kunezinhlobo eziningi. Abalimi be-Greenhouse bavame ukuthola amapulazi abo ngaphandle kwendawo yedolobha elikhulu kuyilapho abalimi abangenalanga bengase basebenze ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, njenge-Sustenir Agriculture e-Singapore kanye ne-Growing Underground e-London. Abalimi abafana ne-Square Roots bathola amapulazi abo angaphakathi kanye nezikhungo zokusabalalisa zesifunda zozakwabo, futhi i-Babylon isebenzisa isisombululo sayo samapulazi amancane esizeni sokunakekelwa kwezempilo nasezikhungweni zokuhlala eziphezulu nasemanyuvesi. Muva nje, i-Infarm imemezele ukuthi iyanda ukwedlula imodeli yayo ekhulayo esitolo, ukuze ifake phakathi ukuthunyelwa ngokusemthethweni “kweZikhungo Zokukhulisa” ezinomthamo omkhulu emadolobheni amaningi. Ukwengeza, inani "lokukhula kwendawo" lingase libe nencazelo enkulu kakhulu uma izwe lakini lingenisa imikhiqizo yalo eminingi kwamanye amazwe; amazwe amaningi esifunda sase-Gulf amemezele izinhlelo namaphrojekthi amakhulu okukhulisa ngaphakathi endlini nge-AeroFarms, Pure Harvest, kanye & njalo nokubhekana nokuncika kokudla kwesifunda kwamanye amazwe.
Ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo ye-Organic kukhuphuke kwakhula ngamadijithi aphindwe kabili ngo-2020 njengoba abathengi beya ngokuya benaka impilo yokudla kwabo. Ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe kokuphepha ngenxa yalolu bhubhane kusheshise lo mkhuba. Nakuba ngokuvamile kungeyona into ephilayo, izitshalo ezikhiqizwa 2 ekuvikelweni kwamapulazi angaphakathi zihlukaniswa nemithombo yangaphandle yokungcola futhi zivame ukutshalwa ngezibulala-zinambuzane ezimbalwa noma ezingekho nhlobo. Izindawo zokuthintwa kwabantu ziyancishiswa njengoba amaketanga okuhlinzeka eba mfishane futhi izindawo zokukhiqiza ziba ngokuzenzakalela. Nge-CEA Food Safety Coalition, imboni isanda kuthatha izinyathelo zokusungula amazinga okukhiqiza ngenhloso yokugcina abathengi bephephile ezifweni ezitholakala ekudleni.
Abalimi basendlini bamaketha imikhiqizo yabo njengeyasendaweni, entsha, engaguquki futhi ehlanzekile. Le ndaba ithinta abathengi njengoba abalimi bebonakala bethengisa yonke into abangayikhiqiza, kanti abaningi babika ukukhula okubalulekile kokuthengisa ngo-2020. Ukuxhumana okuqondile nokukhathazeka kwabathengi nakho kuyingxenye eyinhloko yekhono labo lokuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo enegama ngentengo ephezulu, obekubaluleke kakhulu ekuzimeni kwezimali kwabanye abalimi. Lokhu kuxhumana kungase futhi kubenze bakwazi ukubhidliza uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokuqhubekayo, okungenani ezikalini ezincane, ngokuthengisa okuqondile namamodeli ebhizinisi anobuhlakani, isb, umlimi ongenalanga u-Willo uvumela ababhalisile ukuthi babe “nezabo ipulazi elime mpo” futhi babukele izitshalo zabo zikhula ku-inthanethi. .
Ukusimama: Ingabe ukudla kwami kuyingxenye yenkinga noma ingxenye yesixazululo?
Ukulima, njengezimboni eziningi, bekungaphansi kwengcindezi eyandayo yokuthi zisebenze ngendlela eqhubekayo, futhi abalimi basendlini, ngokusebenzisa kwabo izinsiza ngendlela ephumelelayo, baye bafaka ngokufanelekile ukusimama ezindabeni zabo.
Siwazi kahle umthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, okuhlanganisa nokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinkathi zokukhula. I-UN's Food and Agriculture Organization ihlela ukuthi emashumini eminyaka ezayo ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuzobangela ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo emhlabeni wonke ngemikhuba yokulima evamile, okubangela ukuntuleka kokudla okukhulu. Ukukhuliswa kwasendlini, okunikeza ukuvikeleka ezintweni, isivuno esiphezulu esingaguquki endaweni ngayinye, kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza ukudla unyaka wonke ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganisa nalezo ezingafaneleki ezolimo zendabuko, kungasiza ukunciphisa lo mkhuba.
Ukushoda kwamanzi kulindeleke ukuthi kwande emhlabeni wonke, kwethule udaba lwezokuphepha kuzwelonke kanye nezinga elibucayi lempilo. NgokweBhange Lomhlaba u-70% wamanzi ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke asetshenziselwa ezolimo. Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamanzi kwezolimo zasendlini kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-90 ezitshalweni zamanje ezikhiqizwayo. Kuwumkhuba ovamile futhi ukuthi izindawo zokugcina izithombo zithathe amanzi emvula futhi ziphinde zisebenzise amanzi njengoba kwenza i-Agro Care, umlimi omkhulu katamatisi obamba ukushisa eNetherlands.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingenalanga, kuyinselele yokusimama kokukhula kwangaphakathi. Ukusebenza kahle kuzoqhubeka nokuba ngcono, kodwa njengoba ukuhlaziya kwakamuva mayelana nokulima ngaphandle kwenhlabathi kwangaphakathi okuvela ku-Markets Institute e-WWF kubonisa, kunethuba elibanzi lemboni lokuhlanganisa eminye imithombo yamandla. Abalimi bayaliqaphela leli thuba 3 lokunciphisa umthelela kanye nokwenza ngcono isisekelo futhi kakade sebesebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezifana nokuhlanganisa, imithombo ye-geothermal, namanethiwekhi okushisa okulahlwayo. Utamatisi we-H2Orto utshalwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezishisiswe nge-biogas ekhiqizwa amanzi ashisayo. Umkhiqizo we-Gotham Greens utshalwa ezindlini zokugcina ukushisa ezisebenza ngogesi ovuselelekayo ongu-100%, futhi iNordic Harvest yaseDenmark izosebenzisa ipulazi elikhulu lasendlini laseYurophu ngamandla omoya kuphela.
Msebenzi: Sisaqasha!
Kunezinselelo zabasebenzi kanye namathuba kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani lohlelo lokudla, futhi lokhu ngeke kube kubi kakhulu kunasepulazini. Abasebenzi basemapulazini—kokubili emsebenzini nasendlini—bakuthola kunzima ukuheha abasebenzi ngomsebenzi onzima ngokomzimba. Ngisho nangaphambi kwalolu bhubhane, ukuqina kwemingcele eYurophu nase-US kwadala ukushoda kwabasebenzi basemapulazini kokubili ukukhiqizwa kwamasimu kanye nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubungcweti bezinga lomlimi nomphathi wepulazi buyashoda, bubhebhethekiswa abasebenzi asebekhulile kanye nokwengezwa ngokushesha kwezinsiza ezintsha zasendlini. Nakuba o-opharetha bengathanda ukubona abantu abaningi abaqeqeshiwe abavela ezinhlelweni zasenyuvesi, babheke nobuchwepheshe kanye ne-automation ukuze bakhulule izinselelo zabo zokusebenza.
Ukuzisebenzela kokukhiqiza izithombo kanye nemisebenzi yangemva kokuvuna sekuvele kusungulwe kahle ezitshalweni eziningi ekulimeni kwangaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umjikelezo wokukhula omfishane kanye nemikhuba equkethwe yemifino enamaqabunga iboleka emishinini. Isibonelo, amasistimu ahlaza amaqabunga embewu ngokuvunwa azenzakalelayo asuka ku-Green Automation nase-Viscon atshalwe emisebenzini emikhulu ye-greenhouse efana nePure Green Farms kanye ne-Mucci. Ngasohlangothini olungenalanga, i-Urban Crop Solutions isebenzise okuzenzakalelayo ezitsheni zokuthutha, futhi i-Netled yaseFinland ithuthukise uhlelo oluphelele oluphelele oluzishintshayo. Qaphela ukuthi abalimi abaningi abakhulu abangalisebenzisi ilanga bazenzele ezabo izitaki zobuchwepheshe futhi badizayine ama-automation okonga abasebenzi kumasistimu abo. Isibonelo, Isizini Yesihlanu inamarobhothi asetshenziswe kuyo yonke inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza.
Naphezu kwemizamo eminingi, imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo eyinselele yansuku zonke kanye nokuvuna izitshalo ezithile (utamatisi, upelepele, ukhukhamba namajikijolo) akukakazenzekelanga esikalini. Kodwa-ke, ukuthunyelwa kwezentengiselwano okuhleliwe, okuseduze kwesikhathi esiseduze kwamarobhothi asusa amaqabunga kanye nokuvuna kunikeza isithembiso sokushintsha kakhulu izinselelo zabasebenzi. Ubuchwepheshe be-software, njengabo obusuka e-Nitea nase-Hortikey ekhelini lokuphathwa kwabasebenzi, ukubhaliswa kwezitshalo, ukubikezela kwesivuno kanye nokuhamba komsebenzi/ukuphathwa kwenqubo yomkhakha wasendlini futhi ilwela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza kwabasebenzi abancane. I-4Technologies ehlinzeka, eqapha, futhi elawula isimo sezulu, ukukhanya, amanzi nemisoco sezivele zitshaliwe ezikhungweni zanamuhla ezithuthukisiwe ezikhulayo zasendlini futhi zibalulekile ekugcineni izimo ezilungile kulezi zindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Futhi bakha isisekelo sesendlalelo esilandelayo sokuqamba okusha, okungukuthi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo kanye nokulawula okuzimele kwendawo ekhulayo okusekelwe ku-imaging kanye nezinkundla zezinzwa (njenge-Ecoation, iUNU kanye ne-30MHz), ukuhlaziywa kwedatha, ukufunda ngomshini, amawele edijithali kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. . Imicimbi yakamuva efana ne-Autonomous Greenhouse Challenge ihlole ngempumelelo amandla e-AI "okushayela ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo ngenkathi yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kanye nobunzima bokuphatha". Izindlela ezintsha ezikhulayo ezizimele ezihwebayo ezikhulayo, ezifana ne-Blue Radix Crop Controller kanye ne-Priva's Plantonomy, zithembisa ukunweba nokuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka kobuchwepheshe babalimi obutholakalayo, ikakhulukazi emisebenzini emikhulu nenezindawo eziningi.
Sikuvelaphi lapha?
Kusukela sidale i-Indoor AgTech Landscape yethu yokuqala, kube noshintsho oluhle nesizathu sokuba nethemba ngekusasa. Kodwa, njenganoma iyiphi imakethe ethuthukayo kanye nomkhakha wokuqamba izinto ezintsha, kungaba uhambo olunzima. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi i-CEA akuyona impendulo ezinkingeni zethu zokudla ngoba akuyona yonke into engatshalwa ngokwezomnotho endlini namuhla. Sibona i-indoor ag njengenye yezindlela ezingasiza ukulungisa uhlelo lwethu lokudla futhi kufanele isetshenziswe uma kunengqondo. Isibonelo, utamatisi othengiswa ngokudayisa kakade usevele utshalwe ku-greenhouse. Lindela izitshalo eziningi ukuthi zitshalwe endlini ngokonga kakhulu ngokuthuthuka okwengeziwe.
Esinye isici sendawo yethu yangaphambili kwakuwukuqwashisa ukuthi, naphezu kwentshiseko ezungezile yokulima okunoveli okungenalanga, ukutshala i-greenhouse kwase kusungulwe kahle. Abalimi be-greenhouse baseDutch babonise ukusebenza kahle kokukhula kwangaphakathi ngesipiliyoni seminyaka engu-50 nangaphezulu kanye namahektha engeziwe “ngaphansi kwengilazi kunosayizi weManhattan.” Ukunikezwa komphakathi kwakamuva kanye nesamba semakethe esingu-$3 billion somlimi obamba ukushisa osekelwe eKentucky AppHarvest nakho kuqwashise ngokusobala! Abanye abalimi be-greenhouse abasezingeni eliphezulu nabakhulayo, okuhlanganisa iBrightFarms kanye neGotham Greens, nabo bahehe ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu.
Umbuzo uvame ukubuzwa, "iyiphi indlela yokukhula engcono, engenalanga noma i-greenhouse?". Asikho isaga esithi “inhlamvu yesiliva” yokulima endlini. Impendulo inqunywa indawo kanye nenkinga ozama ukuyixazulula. Isixazululo sezikhungo zasemadolobheni zase-Singapore, Hong Kong nase-Mumbai singase singafani naleyo etshalwe emaphethelweni e-Chicago. 5Akunandaba ukuthi kwenziwa yiphi indlela, ukuqala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwepulazi lasendlini elinikwe amandla ngobuchwepheshe kudinga imali enkulu. Ukuhlaziya kwakamuva kweAgritecture kukhomba ukuthi ingasukela ku-$5 kuya ku-$11 million ukuze kwakhiwe ipulazi elizisebenzelayo elingamahektare amathathu. Eminye yemiklamo emikhulu, ethuthukisiwe ye-greenhouse eyakhiwa namuhla ingadlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyikhulu. Uma kubhekwa izimfuneko zemali kulawa mapulazi angaphakathi, abanye bayalingabaza ithuba lenzuzo yezinga lebhizinisi futhi baphakamisa ukuthi ifaneleka kangcono kubatshalizimali bempahla yangempela. Noma kunjalo, imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100 zamaRandi ikhushulwe ngezimali eziphezulu eziyishumi ngo-600 njengoba abadlali abakhona bebanga ubuholi futhi banda ezindaweni ezinganakekelwa kahle kuyilapho uxhaxha lwezinkampani ezintsha olubonakala lungapheli luqhubeka nokungena emakethe.
Uma sibheka phambili, ukulima kwangaphakathi kudinga ukubhekana nezinselelo zakho zamandla kanye nezabasebenzi. Ikakhulukazi, indlela engenalanga inomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ukuletha izindleko zayo zokusebenza emgqeni futhi izuze inzuzo esabalele. Ukwengeza, ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokusheshisa ukukhula kanye nokwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe obusha kuzo zombili izindawo ezibamba ukushisa nezingenalanga, umkhakha udinga ukusebenzisa ukwabelana ngedatha phakathi kwezinhlelo. I-WayBeyond ingenye yezinkampani ezikhuthaza amasistimu avulekile nama-API ukuze kuzuzwe lo mgomo. Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwalesi siqeshana, uchungechunge lwenani le-ag lwangaphakathi lubonisa ezinye zezinselele namathuba abhekene nalo lonke uhlelo lwethu lokudla namuhla: uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka, ukuphepha, ukusimama, kanye nezabasebenzi. Ezolimo zasendlini zinamathuba amahle kakhulu. Nakuba kusesekuseni kulo mkhakha wemakethe jikelele, kungaletha ukunemba okwengeziwe kanye nokuba bukhali kokuthi ukudla kutshalwa kuphi futhi kusakazwe kanjani.
I-Bios
UChris Taylor unguMeluleki Omkhulu wethimba le-Mixing Bowl futhi usechithe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 kumasu we-IT womhlaba wonke kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha zokuthuthukisa ekukhiqizeni, ekuklanyeni nasekunakekelweni kwezempilo, egxile kakhulu muva nje ku-AgTech.
UMichael Rose unguzakwethu e-The Mixing Bowl kanye ne-Better Food Ventures lapho eletha khona iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 egxile ekudaleni ibhizinisi elisha kanye nokuqamba izinto ezintsha njengesikhulu esisebenzayo nomtshalizimali kuyo yonke imikhakha ye-Food Tech, i-AgTech, indawo yokudlela, i-inthanethi neselula.
Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe:
Amabhizinisi angcono okudla
Chris Taylor
chris@mixingbowlhub.com
UMichael Rose
michael@betterfoodventures.com
www.betterfoodventures.com