#Irrigationmanagement #waterconservation #energyefficiency #distributionuniformity #overheadirrigation #dripsystems #pumppressure #nozzleselection #systemmaintenance
Njengomlimi, isazi sezolimo namahlathi, unjiniyela wezolimo, noma umnikazi wepulazi, uyakwazi ukubaluleka kwezinqubo zokunisela eziphumelelayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nesivuno. Isici esisodwa esibalulekile sokuphatha ukuchelela ukufeza ukufana kokusetshenziswa, okubhekisela ekulinganeni kokusatshalaliswa kwamanzi kuyo yonke insimu noma indawo ekhulayo. Ukungafani kahle kungaholela ekuphuzeni ngokweqile noma ngaphansi kwamanzi, okungaba nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwezitshalo futhi kwandise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi namandla.
Izinhlelo zokuchelela ngaphezulu ziyinselele ikakhulukazi ukufeza ukufana, kodwa ngisho nama-drip systems adinga ukuhlolwa. Amasistimu we-boom, ama-troughs, amabhentshi ezikhukhula nezikhukhula, kanye naphansi sekudume kakhulu ngoba kunikeza ukufana okukhulu kakhulu. Ukufana kuthintwa izinto ezimbalwa ezifana nokukhetha umlomo wombhobho, isikhala nobude, umfutho wamanzi, usayizi wamapayipi, nokugcinwa kwesistimu.
Enye indlela yokukala ukufana kwesicelo sokunisela i-Distribution Uniformity (DU), evezwa njengephesenti. Ukuhlolwa kwe-DU kunikeza isithombe esibonakalayo sokuthi amanzi asetshenziswa kanjani futhi kungasiza ukukhomba izindawo lapho ukuthuthukiswa kungenziwa khona.
Kuzinhlelo ze-overhead, ukuhlolwa kwe-DU kuhilela ukubeka amathini okubamba amaceleni angu-16 noma ngaphezulu ahlukaniswe ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke ingxenye yesitshalo. Ngemuva kokugijima uhlelo kuze kube yilapho okungenani intshi yamanzi emathinini, amanzi avela kunkomishi ngayinye athululelwa ku-cylinder ephothuliwe noma i-beaker, futhi inani lirekhodwa. I-DU ibalwa ngokuhlukanisa isilinganiso samathini aphansi ngokwesilinganiso sawo wonke amathini futhi iphindaphindeka ngo-100. Isilinganiso se-DU esikhulu kuno-90% sihle kakhulu, 80-90% muhle, 70-80% silungile, futhi sincane ngaphezu kwama-70% ampofu.
Kuzinhlelo zokudonsa, ukuhlolwa kwe-DU kuhilela ukuthatha isampula kokuphumayo kunombolo yabakhiphi. Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza nomkhiqizi, izithumeli zingaba nokuphumayo kusuka ku-½ kuye ku-16 amalitha ngehora. Izindawo ezintathu noma ezine zamasampula kufanele zikhethwe kumugqa ngamunye osemaceleni endaweni, eyodwa eduze nomkhawulo ngamunye, futhi eyodwa noma ezimbili zihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo phakathi nendawo. Ngemva kokusebenzisa isistimu umzuzu owodwa, okuphumayo okuvela ku-emitter ngayinye kuyarekhodwa, futhi i-DU ibalwa ngokuhlukanisa okukhiphayo ku-25% ophansi kakhulu wabakhiphi ngenani elimaphakathi labo bonke abakhiphile futhi iphindaphindeka ngo-100.
Uma isilinganiso se-DU silungile noma sisibi, kubalulekile ukuhlanza nokuhlola izihlungi/izikrini, imibhobho noma izikhithi ezinokukhiphayo okuphansi kakhulu. Ukuhlola umfutho wephampu ngamageji asemgqeni ngokumelene nengcindezi ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwemigqa esemaceleni nakho kungasiza ekuhlonzeni ukuvuza, amapayipi okunikezela amancane kakhulu, noma imibhobho/ama-emitters amaningi kakhulu.
Ukwenza ngcono ukufana kwesicelo sokunisela kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamanzi ngendlela ephumelelayo namandla, kanye nokukhula kwezitshalo okufanayo kanye nesivuno. Ngokuhlola njalo nokunakekela isistimu yakho yokunisela, ungakwazi ukubona izindawo ongazithuthukisa futhi wenze izinguquko ukuze uthuthukise izinqubo zakho zokunisela.