I-greenhouse yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuvuna kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Futhi ukudala izimo ezifanele zesitshalo ngasinye, kuyadingeka ukucabangela isimo sezulu, ukwakheka kwezinto ezivela kuyo i-greenhouse, indawo yokushisa. Futhi ngokusekelwe kudatha etholiwe, khetha uhlobo lokushisa. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlaziya zonke izindlela zokushisa, izinzuzo zabo kanye nokubi.
Izinhlobo zokushisa kwe-greenhouse
Ukushisisa ngelanga kuyindlela elula futhi enesabelomali. Ukushisa kwenzeka ngokwemvelo futhi ukushisa kukhishwa kancane kancane, lo mphumela utholakala ngenxa yomphumela we-greenhouse, le ndlela incike ngokuqondile esimweni sezulu nesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke ukulungiswa kwezinga lokushisa akunakwenzeka.
I-greenhouse enjalo, kulokhu i-greenhouse, kufanele yenziwe nge-polycarbonate, ngoba izinto ezinjalo zinikeza umphumela okhulayo wokushisa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto. Okunye kungaba ingilazi edlulisa ngaphezu kuka-95% we-flux yokukhanya. Ukungalungi kwale ndlela kuyisidingo sokudala isakhiwo se-arched, kanye nokuqondisa ngokuqinile i-greenhouse eduze kwe-eksisi ukusuka empumalanga kuya entshonalanga.
I-peculiarity yendlela yezinto eziphilayo ukuthi i-biofuel ibekwe ngaphansi kwesendlalelo esivundile, esifudumeza umhlaba ngenxa yezinqubo zokubola kwemvelo, ukushisa kukhishwa kancane kancane. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvundisa kancane nokunisela kuyadingeka. Njenge-biofuel, umquba wamahhashi uvame ukusetshenziswa, ongafudumala kufika ku-70 degrees ezinsukwini ezingu-7 futhi ungagcina lokhu kushisa izinyanga ezimbalwa. Uma kungadingeki ukushisa okunamandla kakhulu, umquba uxutshwa notshani. Izindlela ezingenamandla amancane ukusetshenziswa kwe-sawdust, amagxolo esihlahla kanye nemfucuza yokudla.
Ukushisa kwegesi kunokusebenza okulinganiselwe kanye nokulula kwesistimu, futhi umoya ufudumala ngokushesha futhi ngokulinganayo, amathuba okuwenza kusuka ezingxenyeni zefektri - lezi yizici ezinhle eziyinhloko. Kodwa-ke, kuzodingeka, kanye nokubala okunembile, ukulungiselela imidwebo kanye nephakheji lezimvume. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa iphrojekthi ngaphandle kwemvume yezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezibhalisa, futhi ukuguqulwa ngakunye kuhlanganisa izindleko ezintsha. Uma isayithi lakho ligcwele i-gasified, akufanele ube nezinkinga ngokufaka.
Ukushisa i-greenhouse, isebenzisa uhlelo lwama-heaters noma ama-burners, asakazwa ngokulinganayo nxazonke zegumbi elishisayo. Uma i-greenhouse incane, khona-ke amasilinda egesi angasetshenziswa njengomthombo wokushisa, kanti ezindaweni ezinkulu ezishisayo, kuzodingeka ukuthi uphendukele ekuxhumaneni okuphakathi kwe-greenhouse ohlelweni oluyinhloko lwe-gasification. Ukushisisa igesi kunezinkinga eziningi: okokuqala, igesi yemvelo iyaqhuma futhi inobuthi. Okwesibili, lapho isetshenziswa ku-greenhouse, kuvela umswakama owedlulele, futhi ukugcwala kwe-carbon dioxide kuyanda izikhathi eziningana. Kulolu hlobo lokushisa, umoya omncane uyadingeka, okudinga ukubala okwengeziwe, futhi ebusika, ukunikezwa komoya omusha kwehlisa amandla akhiqizwayo.
Ukushisisa ngogesi kusebenza kahle futhi akudingi izindleko ezinkulu. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, indlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenza ukusebenzisa imithombo yokushisa ye-infrared, engachithi amandla ekushiseni umoya, ukuyidlulisela ngokuqondile emhlabathini nasezitshalweni. Kodwa-ke, isisombululo esinjalo sinobunzima bezobuchwepheshe: akunakwenzeka ukwenza konke ngendlela efanele ngaphandle kosizo lwabafaki abaqeqeshiwe. Kodwa ungashintsha ukushisa ezindaweni ezahlukene zekamelo, udale izimo ezikhangayo kakhulu eqenjini ngalinye lezitshalo.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kulungele kahle izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezinkulu, futhi kukuvumela ukuba ukhiphe ukushisa kokubili emhlabathini nasemoyeni. Lolu khetho lungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana: ukufaka i-boiler ehlukile noma ukuxhuma ohlelweni lwendlu. Kwesinye isimo, isifunda esihlukile senziwe ukuze sivale futhi sikhiphe amanzi. Uma kufakwa uhlelo oluhlukile, khona-ke i-boiler kufanele ifakwe kucatshangelwa uphethiloli otholakalayo futhi onenzuzo.
Amamodeli wegesi alula kakhulu futhi ayonga, akuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa elifunayo. Imikhiqizo evuthayo isuswa kusetshenziswa i-coaxial chimney. Amamodeli kaphethiloli aqinile angase abe nokushintshwa okuhlukile. Futhi inketho yokonga, kodwa cishe akukho okwenzekayo okuzenzakalelayo nokuqapha okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka. Amamodeli kagesi agcina izinga lokushisa ubusuku nemini anezinkomba eziphezulu zokuzenzakalela. Zihlangene ngosayizi, ziphephile futhi zithule, kodwa izindleko zikagesi ziphezulu. Ngaphezu kwe-boiler ngokwayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukufaka amapayipi nama-radiator ahambisana nawo. Okunye okubalulekile amathangi okunweba, oshimula namaphampu okuhambisa amanzi. Kunconywa ukwakha i-pair of heat circuits, hhayi eyodwa. Umugqa owodwa wakhiwa ngaphansi komhlaba, owenziwe ngamapayipi epulasitiki asebenza ukuthutha amanzi ngezinga lokushisa elingama-+30 degrees. Amapayipi anjalo kufanele abekwe eduze nezimpande ngangokunokwenzeka.
Indlela elula futhi enesabelomali yokugcina izinga lokushisa elifunayo ku-greenhouse ukuba khona "kwesitezi esifudumele", esisetshenziselwa ukushisa inhlabathi. Uhlelo olunjalo lokushisisa umhlabathi ku-greenhouse luyisabelomali impela esigabeni sokufakwa kanye nasesiteji sokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamandla okulawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukushisa nokusabalalisa ukushisa ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke i-greenhouse.
Umklamo ulula kakhulu. Uhlelo oludume kakhulu umata wokushisisa ongangeni manzi. Ukwakha "iphansi elifudumele" ku-greenhouse, inhlabathi efinyelela ku-40 cm iyasuswa, futhi isihlabathi esihlungiwe ngaphambili sithululelwa phansi kwekhefu ngongqimba luka-5-10 cm. Okulandelayo, i-heater (i-polystyrene foam, i-polyethylene foam, njll.) ibekwe endaweni yokuphumula. Sikhetha izinto ezimelana nomswakama. Isendlalelo esilandelayo sibekwe impahla yokuvimbela amanzi. Isihlabathi sithelwa phezulu ngongqimba luka-5 cm. Yonke into ixutshwe namanzi futhi i-rammed. Ucingo "lwesitezi esifudumele" lubekwe nenyoka phezu kwesihlabathi esihlangene ngesinyathelo esingu-15 cm. Uhlelo lokufudumeza oluqediwe luphinde lumbozwe ngesendlalelo sesihlabathi esingu-5-10 cm, lapho kubekwa khona i-chain-link mesh. Okulandelayo, "uphaya" umbozwe inhlabathi ekhishwe ngaphambili.
Enye indlela ethandwa kakhulu futhi enesabelomali yokushisa isitofu, noma kunalokho isitofu se-potbelly, esikwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa elingu-18-24 ° C isikhathi eside.
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, le ndlela yokushisa iyonga futhi ilula. Intengo kaphethiloli yesitofu se-potbelly ilinganiselwe, futhi ukufakwa kwayo kungenziwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe. Futhi, emva kokubasa ngezinkuni, sawdust, izinto zokupakisha noma ama-rags, emva kwabo kutholakala umanyolo omuhle kakhulu wokondla inhlabathi - umlotha. Kodwa-ke, ukungahambi kahle okuyinhloko kokusebenzisa isitofu ku-greenhouse ukuthi umoya awufudumala njalo ngokulinganayo: kushisa kakhulu eduze kwesitofu futhi izitshalo ezitshalwe kule ndawo zizofa ngenxa yokushisa okungalungile. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi isitofu se-potbelly siwumklamo onobungozi bomlilo, ngakho-ke sidinga ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yomsebenzi wekhwalithi yesitofu se-potbelly, kuyadingeka ukuphonsa uphethiloli kuwo njalo, ngamanye amazwi, ukuze ube ku-greenhouse ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Indlela yokukhetha uhlobo lokushisa?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini onquma ukushisa isakhiwo ngokhuni noma ngogesi, okokuqala udinga ukubala inani lokushisa elidingekayo kuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuba nedatha ngezinga lokushisa lansuku zonke eliphansi kakhulu lendawo yangakini, kanye nesilinganiso sesivinini somoya ngalolo suku. Lolu lwazi lungatholakala ezingeni elibizwa ngokuthi "I-Climatology yokwakhiwa kanye ne-geophysics". I-Calculator yokubala inani ku-greenhouse ingatholakala enetheni. Kuyafaneleka ukucabangela okucacisiwe kwezinto ezivela kuzo zokugcina izithombo ukuze kukhethwe izinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
Isibonelo, ukushisa ama-greenhouses amafilimu, isibonelo, kudinga ukushisa okungaphezulu kunokushisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo ezenziwe nge-polycarbonate, into ngokwayo i-insulator yokushisa enhle. Kudingeka ukucabangela izici zesistimu. Isibonelo, ezinye zazo, ngenxa yezindleko zabo eziphakeme, azifaneleki ezindlini zokugcina izithombo ezincane. Amanye amasistimu adinga ukufakwa nokucushwa kochwepheshe. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kuziwa ekushiseni izindawo zokugcina izimboni zezimboni, lapho kusetshenziswa khona ubuchwepheshe obuphambili, njengamaphampu okushisa, ukushisa kwe-infrared nokunye. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nochwepheshe kuzo zonke izindaba. Noma yiliphi iphutha elincane lingaholela kumphumela odabukisayo - isivuno esibi kanye nokukhula kancane kwezitshalo.