Uma ungahlangabezane nohlobo oluthile lwe inselele yomsebenzi obamba ukushisa njengamanje, bala izibusiso zakho futhi wabelane ngemfihlo yakho. Izinselelo zabasebenzi embonini ye-greenhouse elawulwayo seyejwayelekile kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, izinselelo esikhathini esidlule zibukeka zihluke kakhulu kunezinkampani ezibamba ukushisa ezibhekene nazo manje.
Njengoba i-US ethuswa yigobolondo ibuyela emsebenzini ojwayelekile ngemuva kokubhekana nokubi kakhulu Ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19, ibhizinisi selidlondlobele kubalimi be-greenhouse. Batshala izitshalo eziningi, bathola umkhiqizo owengeziwe, bathumela okwengeziwe, futhi bengeza amakhasimende amasha. Nakuba lokhu kukhula kukuhle, kuza ngentengo. Kudingeka abantu abaningi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zebhizinisi, ngokusho kukaLiz Lark-Riley, uMqondisi Ophethe kwa- Izingadi ze-Rockledge, isikhungo sengadi esizinze e-Rockledge, FL. U-Lark-Riley wengeza ngokuthi abalimi baphinde bahlanganisa izici ezintsha zebhizinisi ebezingekho ngaphambilini, njengoku-oda ku-inthanethi nokucoshwa eceleni komgwaqo, okukhulise isidingo sokudiliva.
Inkukhu noma iqanda scenario
Impendulo elula enkingeni yesidingo - qasha abasebenzi abaningi nganoma yiziphi izindleko. Akulula kangako, ngokusho kukaRose Vogel, uMphathi Wezabasebenzi kwa I-Skagit Horticulture, i-greenhouse operation esekelwe eMt. Vernon, WA, eveza ukuthi i-Skagit Horticulture ingathanda ukuqinisa abasebenzi bayo. Nokho ayifuni ukuzithola isesimeni sokuthi kumele ibeke abantu phansi ngoba yande kakhulu.
"Sekukonke, imboni ibhekene nesidingo esikhulu kanye nokwanda kokuthandwa, kodwa-ke kukhona ukungaqiniseki kokungazi ukuthi lo mkhuba uzohlala isikhathi esingakanani, kanye nohlobo oluthile lokungabaza ukutshala izimali ezintweni esingeke sibuyele kuzo. ,” usho kanje. "Mhlawumbe besingakwazi ukukukhokhela manje, kodwa kufanele sicabange ngekusasa nokuthi yini ezosimama."
Lolu hlobo lwesimo luphinde luhlobane nezinye zezinselelo ukukhula kwemisebenzi ehlangabezana nazo ngokukhokhelwa kwabasebenzi babo. Kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukunikeza inkokhelo encintisanayo nezinzuzo. Uma isitolo sokudla okusheshayo noma isitolo esihamba ngomgwaqo sinikeza u-$15 ngehora futhi unikeza umholo omncane, abasebenzi bazokwamukela inketho eyenza imali eyengeziwe futhi inikeze umsebenzi wonyaka wonke. Ungase ube nekhono lokunikeza amaholo angcono. Umbuzo uwukuthi, ngenani eliphansi lomgwaqo? Futhi lokho kubiza akukhona nje ngemali.
“Yize imboni yethu eluhlaza imangalisa, sisemuva kwamamethrikhi esinxephezelo/enzuzo anikezwa ezinye izimboni, futhi ngaleyo ndlela siqhubeka nokulahlekelwa ithalente elihle ezimbonini ezihlinzeka ngamaphakheji esinxephezelo akhangayo,” kusho u-Todd Downing, Managing Partner at. I-Best Human Capital Advisory Group. "Lokhu kushoda kokubili kudonsa abantu embonini yethu futhi kusebenza njengesithiyo kubantu abasha abangena kulo mkhakha."
Ukukhushulwa kwamaholo okugunyaziwe - Kuzodingeka ubambe iqhaza
Ukukhushulwa kwamaholo okuncane sekuqaliwe kwezinye izifundazwe futhi kuseduze kwezinye. Imisebenzi ye-greenhouse kanye nezinkampani ezibamba ukushisa/zokuthengisa kuzodingeka zilungiselele kusenesikhathi ukuze ziqwale. I-Rockledge Gardens ikulesi simo futhi kancane kancane ikhulisa iholo ngesikhathi sayo, kunomugqa wesikhathi ogunyazwe wuhulumeni. Umthethosivivinywa omusha owaphasiswa ngoNovemba eFlorida uzokhuphula kancane kancane umholo ube ngu-$15 ngehora. Isinyathelo sokuqala salowo mthethosivivinywa sinyusa iholo eliphansi libe ngu-$10 ngoSepthemba, khona-ke iholo lizokhuphuka ngo-$1 ngonyaka lize lifinyelele ku-$15. Iphesenti lezindleko zezidingo zokuphila zizolandela ngemva kwalokho.
Ngokwazi ukuthi lo mthethosivivinywa wawuzodlula, i-Rockledge Gardens yashintsha iholo layo lezinga lokungena laba ngu-$10 ngaphezu konyaka odlule futhi manje ishayisa abaqashi abasha abafika ku-$11 ekubuyekezeni kwabo kwezinsuku ezingu-90, uma ihlela ukubagcina. I-Rockledge Gardens izophinde isebenzise izindleko zokwenyuka ngo-4% ezizozenza njalo ngoFebhuwari, okuzoyisiza ukuthi izilungiselele ngokuhamba kweminyaka ukuze ifinyelele imfuneko yamaholo ayi-$15.
"Izinkampani kuzodingeka zibheke esikhathini esizayo kulokho okwenzekayo ezweni lonke nasezingeni likazwelonke ukuze ziqinisekise ukuthi zikulungele ukubhekana nezinselele ezizayo futhi zikhokhele abantu iholo elizoba mnandi," kusho uLark-Riley.
Ukwesekwa okuqinile kwabasebenzi yithuba Lakho elingcono kakhulu lokusinda
Ukwanda kwesidingo sabasebenzi nobunzima bokukhokhela amaholo ancintisanayo kuyinkinga okwabelwana ngayo kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi e-US enezela kuphela ebunzimeni bokuthola umsebenzi ofanele nokubagcina isikhathi eside. Isikhathi sonyaka kanye nemvelo yokusebenza kwe-greenhouse kwanele njengesivimbelo sokuqeda kakhulu i-pool yamakhandidethi, kodwa khuluma nanoma yimuphi umphathi wezabasebenzi futhi uzokutshela izinkinga zijula kunalokho.
“[Enye yezinselelo zethu ezinkulu ku-Human Resources] ukushoda kwabasebenzi abanogqozi, abaphumelelayo, abasebenza kanzima,” kusho uVogel “[Kukhona] iminyaka yokushintsha kwabasebenzi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka yokuqeqeshwa kanye ne-Gen X yomsebenzi olindelwe emsebenzini - izinto ezilula njengokusebenza amahora angu-40 ngesonto.”
Imboni ayizange yenze umsebenzi omuhle wokulungiselela iGen X/Baby Boomers ukuthi ikulungele ngempela ukuthatha indima yobuholi, ngokusho kuka-Downing, othi ziningi izinto eziholele kule nkinga, okuhlanganisa nokushoda kwezinhlelo zokuqeqesha nentuthuko kanye nokushoda kwezinhlelo zokuqeqesha kanye nentuthuko. izizukulwane zochwepheshe abajoyine amabhizinisi omndeni ngaphambi kokuba lezo zinkampani ziqale noma yikuphi okufana nokulandelana kokuhlela.
“Abantu abakunakanga ukuqeqeshwa kwalaba basebenzi, futhi abaningi abazongenela ukhetho basitshele ukuthi ababoni indlela yokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wabo ngoba lezo zindima zizongena emndenini,” kusho u-Downing. “Lokhu kuxoshe ongoti abaningi kwezinye izimboni. Okuhle ukuthi senza kangcono ngokuthola ukuqeqeshwa kobuholi ochwepheshe abaneminyaka engu-40 nangaphansi, kodwa abakakulungeli neze ukuthatha izinkampani eziholayo.”
U-Downing uphinde waveza ukuthi kunezinkampani eziningi embonini lapho umholi wezabasebenzi engenaso isihlalo etafuleni lobuholi obunobuhlakani. Ngazo zonke izinselelo imboni ebhekene nazo, isidingo sikhulu kunangaphambili sokuthi imisebenzi ekhulayo ibe nabaholi bamasu bezabasebenzi abakhona.
"Lona akumele kube ngumuntu ovele ahlole amabhokisi amaphepha noma ubeyisisebenzi esihle komunye umnyango wonke umuntu owathanda kakhulu inkampani yamenza inhloko yomnyango wezabasebenzi," kusho u-Downing. "Izinga lobungcweti kwezabasebenzi lizoba nomthelela omuhle kuyo yonke into kuze kube yiHuman Resources Information Systems."
Yini okufanele yenziwe?
Kungathatha isikhathi eside ukumboza ngokugcwele izingqinamba ezehlukene ze-greenhouse abasebenzi ezibhekene nemboni, kodwa ucezu olubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi yini engenziwa ngazo. Ngeshwa, akekho kuze kube manje osethole ikhambi eliwumlingo. Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zisebenzisa amasu azisize ukuthi zenze okuthile ngezinselelo zabo zomsebenzi.
I-Rockledge Gardens ithole inhloso kanye namasu amaningi mayelana nezinqubo zayo zokuqasha. Esikhundleni sokuqasha izinhlaka ezifudumele ukuthi zigcwalise izikhundla, yenze uhlelo oluqinile lokuqasha. Esikhundleni sefomu lesicelo elijwayelekile elishiywe ekuphumeni, abazongenela ukhetho bagcwalisa izicelo ze-inthanethi, okunikeza inkampani inkomba yokuthi inamakhono ayisisekelo ekhompyutha. I-Rockledge iphinde yengeza i-a Joyina ikhasi Lethimba Lethu kuwebhusayithi yalo futhi wakha a ukuqasha ividiyo. Isebenzile ezinqubweni zayo zokuqasha ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi ixoxisana kahle ukuze ikhiphe abantu futhi ingaqashi ngenxa yokuphelelwa ithemba.
Uma umuntu ongase aqashwe ephumelela ngenqubo yenhlolokhono yenkampani yokuhlolwa ngaphambilini, bayamenywa ukuthi bavakashele ukusebenza ukuze bashintshe ithunzi. Imali engase iqashwe ikhokhelwe ukuze ingene usuku olulodwa ukuze kugcinwe usuku olumatasatasa lomsebenzi, ukuze bazi ukuthi benzani.
"Sisebenzise ukushintshwa kwethunzi ngoba sifuna ukuthi abantu abangaqashwa bachithe isikhathi esibalulekile lapha futhi babone ukuthi akukho yini okuzoba yinkinga kubo," kusho uLark-Riley. “Sithanda nokuthola impendulo kumuntu esimthunukayo. Uma kubonakala sengathi uhambo, simema lowo muntu ukuthi abuye kwinhlolokhono yesibili futhi sifake nomphathi walowo mnyango kwinhlolokhono yesibili.”
U-Lark-Riley uthi lapho bemema abantu kwinhlolokhono yangaphambi kwesikrini, inkampani ithumela ishidi lemininingwane yekhasi elilodwa elidingida amanani okuqala ezikhundleni ezisezingeni lokungena, izinzuzo zokuba isisebenzi e-Rockledge Gardens, nokuthi yini inkampani. isiko lifana nabasebenzi. Uthe lokhu kususa ubuhixihixi bezingxoxo zamaholo futhi kusiza abantu ukuthi bazikhiphe kusenesikhathi.
I-Skagit Horticulture isebenze kanzima ukuze idale izincazelo zemisebenzi eziveza ngokucacile okulindelwe futhi zisize abaqashiwe abasha baqonde imisebenzi abazoyenza nsuku zonke. Ilandela ukuthintwa kwezinsuku ezingama-30, ezingama-60, nezingama-90 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi wonke umuntu ulandela uhlelo. Ngaphezu kokuqeqeshwa ngesikhathi sokugibela, inkampani inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwangaphakathi njalo ngenyanga. Wonke umuntu osemnyangweni wakwa-Skagit Horticulture's Human Resources ukhuluma iSpanishi ukuze asebenzele abasebenzi kangcono. Lokhu kubonakale kuyisiqephu sangempela sokugcina i-Skagit Horticulture ngoba abantu abasebenza kwezabasebenzi bangabaxhumanisi bangempela bamazwi ezisebenzi, ngokusho kukaVogel.
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, i-Skagit yafaka isikhangiso somsakazo esiteshini esikhuluma iSpanishi esaphumelela kakhulu ukuqasha abasebenzi besizini, kangangokuthi inkampani ibingadingi ukusebenzisa i-ejensi yesikhashana emsebenzini wesizini eminyakeni embalwa edlule.
Mhlawumbe ucezu olubaluleke kakhulu ekuxazululeni izinkinga zabasebenzi be-greenhouse ukuvula ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinkampani zendawo kanye nezinkampani kuyo yonke imboni yezohlaza.
“Abasebenzi bokufika bafuna umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele,” kusho uVogel. “Izinkampani zingahlomula kakhulu ekuxhumaneni nokwabelana ngabasebenzi ukuze kunciphe izindleko. Ukuxhumana nakho kungasiza, ngakho-ke asikhuphule amanani abasebenzi ngokuya ngesidingo. Isibikezelo, namathela ohlelweni lokuthengisa, futhi ukhulume nomakhelwane bakho.”
Izinkinga ezimbili zomsebenzi Odinga ukwazi ngazo
Kerry Scott, uMphathi Wohlelo kwa MásLabor wezinhlelo ze-visa ze-H-2A ne-H-2B, uthi uthola izingcingo nsuku zonke ezivela kubantu abangakwazi ukusebenza ezinkampanini zabo. Isidingo siphezulu kakhulu njengamanje kubashayeli bamaloli be-CDL(Commercial Driver's License). Inkinga isibe yimbi kakhulu uScott usezwa nezinkampani zamaloli zendawo zicela usizo.
Uthi: “Kungenzeka ukubasiza ngendlela yokuthi isakhamuzi saseMexico singathola i-CDL. “Kodwa, uma ibhizinisi lingelona elesizini, ngeke sikwazi ukubasiza. Silinganiselwe nakakhulu endabeni yokushayela amaloli lapho kufanele kube abalimi abaqasha abashayeli bamaloli abathutha izitshalo ezikhiqizwe abalimi. Sinikezela ngenani elibalulekile labashayeli bamaloli be-CDL kanye nabangewona awe-CDL emsebenzini omkhulu we-greenhouse e-California, kodwa amaloli abo adonsa impahla yezitshalo abayikhule isuka kwenye indawo iye kwenye. Esinye isithiyo esinaso ngokuhlinzeka abasebenzi be-H-2A ukuthi bashayele amaloli ukuthi kufanele babuyele ekhaya kungakapheli amahora angama-24. Umkhawulo wenza izinto zibe nzima. ”
Imithetho yesikhathi esengeziwe
Olunye udaba olusematheni, ngokusho kukaScott, wumthetho ozoqeda ukukhululwa kwezolimo ngesikhathi esengeziwe. Njengamanje, abasebenzi basemapulazini abafakiwe ezinhlinzekweni zesikhathi esengeziwe ze-Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) ezaziqinisekisa ilungelo lokukhokhelwa isikhathi esengeziwe kubasebenzi abaningi. Isiphakamiso esisha, i-Fairness for Farmworkers Act, yethulwa kuKhongolose ngo-2018 nguSen. Kamala Harris (D-CA) kanye noRep. Raúl Grijalva (D-AZ).
Lesi senzo sizosusa ukukhululwa kwabasebenzi basemapulazini kwi-FLSA. Uma umthetho uphasiswa, abaqashi kuyodingeka ukuthi banxephezele abasebenzi bezolimo ngamahora asetshenziselwe amahora abo avamile (okungukuthi, amahora angu-55 ngonyaka wokuqala, amahora angu-50 ngonyaka wesibili, amahora angu-45 ngonyaka wesithathu, namahora angu-40 ngonyaka wesine. ngonyaka) ngenani elingekho ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esisodwa nesigamu sesilinganiso esivamile somsebenzi. Kubaqashi abanabasebenzi abangu-25 noma ngaphansi, izimfuneko zenkokhelo yesikhathi esengeziwe zizoqala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lo mthetho ubulokhu ushisa izikhotha ngenxa yezinye izinkinga ezisacindezela. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube semibonweni yeCongress futhi njengoba ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19 lulawulwa kangcono.