Kulesi sihloko, sihlola ucwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nentuthuko emkhakheni wokulawulwa kwezintwala ku-greenhouse horticulture. Ngokusekelwe kudatha yakamuva kanye nemininingwane, singena ohlelweni olusha locwaningo oluhloselwe ukuguqula indlela esilwa ngayo nokuhlasela kwezintwala ezitshalweni ezibamba ukushisa. Hlanganyela nathi njengoba sembula amandla ale ndlela yokusungula kanye nemithelela yayo kubalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, kanye nososayensi emphakathini wezolimo.
Ukuhlasela kwe-aphid kubangela inselele eqhubekayo ku-greenhouse horticulture, okuvame ukuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwezitshalo kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezomnotho. Kodwa-ke, uhlelo olusha lokucwaninga luhlelelwe ukushintsha umdlalo, lugxile ekuguquleni izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukulawulwa kwezintwala ezitshalweni ezibamba ukushisa. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva evela ku-Nieuwe Oogst, lolu cwaningo olubalulekile selulungele ukuvula izixazululo ezintsha ezithembisa ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokuzinza ekulweni nezintwala.
Iphrojekthi yocwaningo, eyenziwe ithimba elibambisene lososayensi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi, kanye nochwepheshe be-greenhouse, ihlose ukuhlola ezinye izindlela nezindlela zendabuko zokulawula izintwala. Ucwaningo lucubungula ukuqaliswa kwamasu okudidiyelwe okulawulwa kwezinambuzane (i-IPM) ahlanganisa ama-ejenti okulawula izinto eziphilayo, njengezinambuzane ezizuzisayo, nezinqubo zamasiko ezinoveli kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuhlosiwe. Ngokusebenzisa amandla emvelo kanye nokuqamba okusha kwesayensi, lolu hlelo locwaningo luhlose ukuthuthukisa indlela ephelele neqhubekayo yokulawulwa kwezintwala ku-greenhouse horticulture.
Idatha yokuqala evela kuphrojekthi yocwaningo eqhubekayo yembula imiphumela ethembisayo. Ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yezinambuzane ezinenzuzo, njengama-ladybugs kanye neminyovu eyizinambuzane, kanye nemikhuba yamasiko efana nokushintshaniswa kwezitshalo okulungiselelwe kanye nezindlela zokuqapha ezinembile, abaqhubi be-greenhouse baye babona ukwehla okukhulu kwe-aphid. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezingalimaza imvelo kuye kwabonakala kusebenza ngempumelelo ekunqandeni ukuqubuka kwe-aphid ngaphandle kokulimaza izinambuzane ezizuzisayo noma ukubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yezitshalo.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ibalulekile ku-greenhouse horticulture. Ngokwamukela indlela edidiyelwe esebenzisa ama-ejenti okulawula izinto eziphilayo, imikhuba yamasiko, nokungenelela kwamakhemikhali okunembile, abalimi banganciphisa ukuthembela kwabo ezindleleni zendabuko, ezisebenzisa amakhemikhali kakhulu zokulawula izintwala. Lokhu akuthuthukisi nje kuphela indlela esimeme futhi enobungani nemvelo yokulawula izinambuzane kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa impilo yezitshalo iyonke, ukukhiqiza, kanye nenzuzo.
Sengiphetha, uhlelo olusha locwaningo olugxile ekulawuleni izintwala ku-greenhouse horticulture luthembisa abalimi, izazi zezolimo namahlathi kanye nososayensi ngokufanayo. Ngokuhlanganisa ama-ejenti okulawula izinto eziphilayo, imikhuba yamasiko, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuhlosiwe, abaqhubi be-greenhouse bangakwazi ukulwa ngokuphumelelayo nokuhlasela kwezintwala kuyilapho benciphisa umthelela wendawo. Le ndlela entsha inamandla okuguqula amasu okulawula izintwala, okuholela ezitshalweni ezinempilo, ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa kanye nekusasa elisimeme lemboni yezolimo.
Amathegi: Ezolimo, I-Greenhouse Horticulture, Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane, Ukulawulwa Kwezinambuzane Okudidiyelwe (IPM), I-Biological Control Agents, Ukulima Okuqhubekayo, Impilo Yezitshalo, Ukusimama Kwemvelo