“Ungathanda ukuthenga imbewu yamazambane amangaki? Kulungile, ngizokumaka." Kusasele inyanga ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane amakhulu esifundeni esisenyakatho. UMnu. Li Yanming, umphathi jikelele we-Beijing Xisen Sanhe Potato, ubizwa nsuku zonke izikhathi eziningi ukusiza abathengi ukuthi bafake ama-oda njengoba abalimi ezifundazweni eziningi nasemadolobheni sebeqalile kakade uku-oda imbewu yamazambane ukuze balungiselele inkathi yokukhula ezayo.
Kusukela ngeNgqungquthela Yomhlaba Yamazambane ka-2015, imboni yembewu yamazambane eYanqing, eNyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina iqhubekile nokuthuthuka. Lawa mazambane amancane aya ngokuya eba imboni enkulu yezolimo esifundeni saseYanqing, eBeijing. Namuhla, amazambane embewu athuthukiswe futhi akhiqizwa e-Beijing Xisen Sanhe Potato athengiswa ezweni lonke futhi athunyelwa nakwamanye amazwe.
Ukuzalanisa kwamahhala kwegciwane
Izinhlobo ezingenawo amagciwane zibaluleke kakhulu ekutshalweni kwembewu yamazambane. Eshabhu yokukhiqiza izithombo yaseXisen, ochwepheshe abagqoke ama-ovaroli amhlophe bamatasa phambi kwenqwaba yemishini yaselabhorethri enobuchwepheshe namabhodlela. Njengokuhlubula amaqabunga eklabishi, khetha izinhlobonhlobo ezinhle ukuze uthathe ichopho lehlumela, futhi ulicwebe liye enkabeni encane futhi ekhanya kakhulu esele ekugcineni, okuyisiqalo seqabunga esisifunayo.” Ngokusho kwabasebenzi, lawa ma-primordia amaqabunga alinywa endaweni efakwe inzalo evuthayo ukuze kukhule ucezu lweqabunga, bese iqabunga ngalinye lisikwa libe yingxenye ukuze likhule libe yisithombo, futhi ekugcineni litshalwe endaweni ebamba ukushisa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namazambane afuywe ngendlela evamile, imbewu yamazambane akhiqizwa yizithombo eziye zenziwa izinqubo zokususa ubuthi emzimbeni inempilo futhi inezici zokuvuthwa kusenesikhathi, isivuno esikhulu, kanye nezinga eliphezulu. Isivuno ngokuvamile singakhula ngokuphindwe kathathu uma kuqhathaniswa namazambane afuywe ngokujwayelekile, okungakhuphula kakhulu iholo labalimi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesimo sezobuchwepheshe seshabhu yokukhiqiza izithombo, i-greenhouse igcwele ubungqabavu, futhi izithombo zamazambane aluhlaza obumnyama ziyakhula. Imbewu yamazambane yokuqala etshalwe kulezi zindawo zokugcina izithombo icishe ilingane namaqanda ezigwaca. Ngemva kokuba lezi zinhlamvu zokuqala sezivuthiwe, zizotshalwa ensimini ukuze zikhule kancane. Lapho lezi ezinkulu sezitshalwe futhi, imbewu yamazambane emilayo ithengiselwa abalimi. Lolu hlelo "lokuzalanisa olunamazinga amathathu" luqinisekisa ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu yamazambane atshaliwe.
I-Xisen yakhiwe ngaphezu kwamahektha ayi-10 ezindawo zokugcina izithombo, isivele ilime izinhlobo zamazambane ezintsha ezingaphezu kweshumi, futhi inobuchwepheshe obubili bobunikazi bezwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, inokuzalaniswa okukhulu kwezithombo zikabhatata ezingenalo igciwane, okuphuma minyaka yonke kwezithombo ezingaba yizigidi ezingama-20 kanye namathani angaphezu kuka-100,000 wamazambane enzalo.
“Imbewu yethu yamazambane manje isithengiswa ezifundazweni, emadolobheni nasezifundeni ezingaphezu kweshumi ezweni lonke, okuhlanganisa iShandong, iGansu, iYunnan neGuangdong. Ziphinde zithengiselwe izifunda zangaphandle njengeKazakhstan neSouth Korea. Ikakhulukazi e-Kazakhstan, zenza kangcono kunezinhlobo zasendaweni ezinokukhiqiza okungaphezulu kuka-50%.” UMnu. Kusho uLi Yanming ngokuziqhenya.
Ukubambisana
Akugcinanga lapho, kusukela ngonyaka odlule, i-Xisen isiqalile ukwandisa imodeli entsha yokubambisana phakathi kwabalimi ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane kanye nezithombo. Njengamanje, inkampani isungule ukubambisana nama-cooperatives ezolimo kwamanye amadolobha aseYanqing District. Inkampani yakwaXisen iqeqesha abalimi kwezobuchwepheshe, ihlinzeka ngezithombo futhi iphinde isebenzise imikhiqizo. Le mifelandawonye inesibopho sokuhlela nokuphatha abalimi nsuku zonke, iqhubekisele phambili ukwandisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane, yandise isisekelo semithombo yembewu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo iqhubekisela abalimi ukuthi bakhulise imali yabo.
Imbewu iyisisekelo sezolimo zesimanje. Njengendawo enkulu yokukhiqiza yezolimo eBeijing, isifunda saseYanqing sikhuthaza ngamandla ucwaningo lwembewu nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokutshalwa kwezithombo, sihlakulele amabhizinisi emboni yembewu yesimanje anethonya ukuze akhule futhi athuthuke, aqhubekisela phambili abalimi ukuthi bakhulise imali abayitholayo, futhi akhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo okusezingeni eliphezulu. “Amazambane amancane” avela e-Yanqing agxila kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi ekhaya naphesheya, atshala izimbali zethemba futhi athela izithelo zokuchuma.
Umthombo: www.takungpao.com