Kuthuthukiswe kusukela ku-2004 kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindawo zokugcina izithombo edolobheni laseDa Lat (isifundazwe saseLam Dong) kusukela ezithengekayo kuya phezulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhambisa yonke indawo yokushisa ngaphandle kwendawo yangaphakathi yedolobha. ukusebenzisa izixazululo eziningi ezihambisanayo nezesikhathi eside.
Zonke izinhlobo zokugcina izithombo eDa Lat
Muva nje, uMnyango Wezolimo Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya esifundazweni saseLam Dong uthumele isicelo ekomidini lesifundazwe ukuthi ligunyaze iphrojekthi yokuphathwa kweGreenhouse, ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo ngobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ukuze kuhambisane nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu esifundazweni saseLam Dong. .
NgokoMnyango wezoLimo nokuThuthukiswa kweziNdawo zaseMakhaya esifundazweni sase-Lam Dong, ngo-2004, iKomidi Labantu Lesifundazwe lagunyaza uHlelo Lokuthuthukiswa KwezoLimo Olusezingeni eliphezulu esikhathini sika-2004 - 2010. Ngenxa yalokho, ekupheleni kuka-2010, indawo ephelele Ukulima kwe-hi-tech esifundazweni saseLam Dong kuvunywe yiKomidi Labantu Lesifundazwe. I-Dong ingaphezu kwamahektha ayi-6,400, inani lokukhiqiza ngeyunithi ngayinye yendawo elinywayo liyizigidi ezingu-76 ze-VND/ha, ngemali engenayo eyisilinganiso se-35-40 million VND/ha. Lapho, indawo yokushisa ifinyelela ngaphezu kwe-1,100ha.
Kulesi sigaba, iningi lezindlu zokugcina izithombo zenziwa nge-V3, i-V4 bamboo kanye nezinhlaka zensimbi kanye nezingqimba ezingu-1-2 zefilimu enayiloni, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukuvikela imvula, ngaphandle kokucaciswa okuqondile kwe-greenhouse design, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. ukuthuthukiswa okuzenzakalelayo.
Khona-ke, esikhathini sika-2011-2015, indawo yonke ye-greenhouse e-Lam Dong ikhule yaba ngaphezu kwe-3,100ha. Ukukhiqiza kanye nenani lezitshalo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kanye nemikhiqizo yemfuyo kukhuphuke ngokwesilinganiso ngaphezu kwama-30%, okusiza ukukhulisa inzuzo yabakhiqizi ngaphezu kwama-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nemali engenayo. Ingxenye yemikhiqizo yezolimo ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ibalelwa ku-80% wesamba semali etholakala ngaphandle kwesifundazwe.
Kodwa-ke, kule nkathi, kwakunamabhizinisi amaningana angenisa izinto zokwakha ezibamba ukushisa ezivela emazweni athuthukile njengeTaiwan, Japan, Netherlands, njll., azihlanganisela amabhizinisi angochwepheshe ekukhiqizeni izimbali nezingadi zezinga eliphezulu. fukamela. Kuze kube manje, isifundazwe saseLam Dong sinezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezingaphezu kuka-4,300 ha (ukwanda okungaphezu kwamahektha ayi-1,100 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2015).
UMnyango Wezolimo kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya u-Lam Dong uphinde waxhumanisa namayunithi afanelekile ukuze aphenye, ahlole futhi ahlonze izinhlobo ezine ezivamile zezindawo zokugcina izithombo ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwezolimo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Lapho, izinhlobo ezi-2 zezindlu zokugcina izithombo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingu-1A no-1B. Isakhiwo se-greenhouse sinophahla lwevemvane, i-dome evulekile ngakolunye uhlangothi ene-aperture engu-9.6-12.8m, ukuphakama kwe-gutter 5m. I-200 micron ewugqinsi engu-5-layer polyethylene ulwelwesi olunothuli, anti-inkungu, anti-virus, izakhiwo zokulwa ne-UV.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zezindlu ezibamba ukushisa ezisezingeni eliphakathi, i-2A kanye ne-2B, zinesakhiwo se-dome esivulekile ohlangothini olulodwa nesimbobo esingu-8-9.6m. Indlu yenziwa ngokuvumelana namazinga okuklama nokwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo zezolimo zakwamanye amazwe kanye nezindinganiso zokuklama zomthwalo ngokuhambisana nezimo zaseVietnam.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezi-3 zezindlu zokugcina izithombo ezisezingeni eliphansi 3A, 3B, 3C zinezakhiwo ze-greenhouse 3A idome evaliwe, i-dome engu-3B evulekile, uphahla lwe-3C olumise okwe-A nge-aperture engu-5.2-6m. Lolu hlobo lwe-greenhouse lusetshenziswa yi-93% yemindeni ehloliwe. Khonamanjalo, i-avareji ye-greenhouse gas esetshenziswe ama-akhawunti angu-6% kuphela, ama-greenhouse asele asezingeni eliphezulu enza u-1% kuphela, ikakhulukazi emapulazini anemali enkulu yokutshala izimali.
Izixazululo zokuletha izindlu zokugcina izithombo edolobheni elingaphakathi
Ngocwaningo olwenziwe nguMnyango Wezolimo Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya esifundazweni saseLam Dong, kuWadi 12, eDa Lat City, isilinganiso sendawo ebamba ukushisa/indawo yokulima ibalelwa ku-83.7%. Khonamanjalo, amawadi 5, 7 kanye no-8 angaphezulu kuka-60%. Ezinye izigceme enkabeni yedolobha lase-Da Lat njengezigceme 6, ward 3, ward 4, ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yomhlaba eminyakeni emi-3 edlule, izindawo eziningi ezibamba ukushisa ziguqulelwe ekubeni yizindawo zokwakha, zingasebenzisi izindlu ezibamba ukushisa. . Ku-Ward 6, sekusele amahektha angu-9.4 kuphela kanti i-Ward 3 inamahektha angu-23.4 ezindlu zokushisa.
Futhi ngokwalo Mnyango, ukuze lo msebenzi uqaliswe ngesikhathi esimisiwe futhi ube nemiphumela ephezulu, iziphathimandla kufanele zihlanganise futhi ziqondise abantu ukuze bakhe izindawo ezintsha zokushisa ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe futhi bathole imvume yokwakha izindlu. ingilazi ngokubhaliswa kwezinguquko zomhlaba.
Ukuvuselela kanye nokuhlobisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo ukuze zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe, ukutshala izihlahla ezindaweni neziza ukuze kuncishiswe umphumela we-greenhouse.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqula ukukhiqizwa ezindlini zokugcina izithombo kube ukulima kwangaphandle, ukuthuthukisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo zesimanje ukuze kukhuthazwe ngempumelelo imishini yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, ubuchwepheshe be-IoT obuhlangene nokusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zokulima ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqiza, ikhwalithi kanye nenani lemikhiqizo, kube nomthelela ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.
Ukwengeza, mayelana nokuhlelwa kwamadolobha kanye nezixazululo zokuhlobisa, kuyadingeka ukukhipha imithetho yesikhashana emazingeni obuchwepheshe be-greenhouse, ukuminyana kokwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse, imithethonqubo yokuphatha ukushisa okushisa esifundazweni ukuphatha ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa. ukwakha izindawo zokugcina izithombo esifundazweni saseLam Dong, ezifanele indawo kanye nezimo zangempela zesifunda ngasinye.
Ukuqinisa ukuphathwa kwezindawo zokukhiqiza ezolimo ngokohlelo olujwayelekile olugunyaziwe kanye nohlelo lokusebenzisa umhlaba. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe izinhloso, ububanzi kanye nenjongo yokusetshenziswa komhlaba wezolimo ngokuya ngohlelo olugunyaziwe, hhayi ukuthuthukisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
“Isifundazwe saseLam Dong sidinga ukuhlela umhlaba wokulima ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ukuze sihlinzeke ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo okuhlanzekile kanye nezolimo ezithuthukisiwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindawo zokugcina izithombo, ukunciphisa ingxenye yomhlaba wokulima ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, nokwandisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwezolimo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Isilinganiso somhlaba wokwakhiwa kwamadolobha Izindawo zithatha isinyathelo sokuqala ekwenzeni izinhlelo zokuthuthukiswa kwe-greenhouse egxilile ngaphandle kwezindawo zasemadolobheni (izindawo eziseduze nedolobha, izindawo zezolimo ezikhethekile) ngokuhambisana nokuhlela okujwayelekile kanye nezinhlelo zokusetshenziswa komhlaba ezigunyaziwe. vuma.
Kunconywa ukususa ifilimu yepulasitiki ezungeze indawo ebamba ukushisa futhi ushintshe indlela yokulima kulo mhlaba otshaliwe ngokulinywa kwangaphandle noma kwe-semi-greenhouse (emva kwezinkathi ezimbalwa zonyaka, uphahla lwe-greenhouse lususwa ukulima okuvulekile noma ukwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse ngophahla oluzenzakalelayo lokulawula).
Ikakhulukazi, ezindaweni ezinobukhulu obuphezulu bezindawo zokugcina izithombo, indawo ebamba ukushisa ithinta indawo yemvelo. Izitshalo zikhethelwa ukuguqulwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle komnotho kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zemakethe, kubekwe eqhulwini ukukhethwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezifanele ukukhiqizwa kwangempela”, uMnyango WezoLimo Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya ucacise izixazululo. ukuze kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo iphrojekthi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukubolekwa kwe-mortgage of greenhouses, okuyimpahla enamathiselwe ezweni, izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezakhiwe ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe futhi zinikezwe ilayisense yisiphathimandla esinekhono sokwakha yisisombululo senkinga. Izincwadi nazo zithakaselwa kakhulu ngabantu namabhizinisi.
Umthombo: https://danviet.vn