Ososayensi banentshisekelo yokucebisa ama-strawberries e-hydroponic nge-silicon ukuze amathambo aqinile futhi alwe nendlala yamaminerali, kanye nokukhulisa izinga lokugcina lemikhiqizo. Ekufuneni impendulo yombuzo owodwa, ososayensi bathole umdlali obalulekile emphakathini we-epiphytic microbial ebusweni bamajikijolo.
Iqembu lososayensi base-Italy, ngenkathi licwaninga ngamathemba e-biofortification yama-strawberries, linqume umphumela we-silicon emphakathini we-microbial wamajikijolo, lishicilela imiphumela ku-athikili kuphephabhuku i-Agronomy 2021 ku-portal ye-MDPI.
“Ukungondleki kahle kwamaminerali kuyisenzakalo esithinta izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zabantu bomhlaba emazweni anezimboni nasathuthuka futhi kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yabantu. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ama-strawberry angumkhiqizo odumile, ukuwacebisa ngezinhlanganisela ezizuzisayo kubukeka njengesixazululo esithembisayo kule nkinga.
Endabeni yamajikijolo amasha, izithelo nemifino, ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwamakhemikhali anenzuzo kungafinyelelwa ngokuthuthukisa i-genotypes, ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuzalanisa, noma ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezithile ze-agronomic, isibonelo, i-biofortification.
Ikakhulukazi, i-agronomic biofortification ifinyelelwa ngokuhlinzeka ngezitshalo ezivame ukutshalwa ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezingenayo inhlabathi (njenge-hydroponics) ngomanyolo okhethekile wamaminerali okuhloswe ngawo ukukhulisa ukugcwala kwesakhi esihlosiwe ezithweni ezidliwayo.
Ama-Strawberry ahlala ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke. Ama-strawberries asengadini abhekwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu hhayi kuphela ngezici zabo zezinzwa, kodwa futhi nezinzuzo zabo zezempilo ezingaba khona, njengoba zicebile ikakhulukazi kuma-antioxidant compounds afana ne-vitamin C, i-anthocyanin, i-phenolic compounds kanye ne-flavonoids.
Kodwa-ke, ama-strawberry awagcini kahle ngemva kokuvuna ngenxa yezinga lawo eliphezulu lokugayeka kokudla emzimbeni, okubangela ukuphelelwa amanzi ngokushesha, ukulahlekelwa ukuqina, ukuwohloka kombala kanye nokuthamba kwezicubu.
Lezi zinkinga ziholela ekulahlekelweni kwezomnotho futhi imboni ihlale ibheka izindlela zokwandisa impilo yeshalofu yama-strawberries.
Kuze kube manje, izindlela zangemva kokuvuna okuhloswe ngazo ukunweba impilo yeshalofu lamajikijolo afaka phakathi okungokwenyama (izinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi, i-irradiation kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhathi oguquliwe noma olawulwayo) noma izindlela zamakhemikhali (ukufuthwa, ukucwiliswa kwe-calcium, ukunamathela, i-ozonation) ukwelashwa.
Kodwa-ke, umthelela wendlela ye-biofortification empilweni yangemva kokuvuna yama-strawberry nawo uyaphawuleka.
Inani lemininingwane eqoqwe emashumini eminyaka adlule libonisa ukuthi, phakathi kwamanye ama-micronutrients, i-silicon (Si) idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuthazeni impilo yabantu ngokubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwamathambo kanye namaminerali.
I-silicon, ingxenye yesibili eningi kakhulu emhlabathini, ayibalulekile ezitshalweni. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwe-Si ezinhlelweni zokukhulelwa kubonise imiphumela emihle ezitshalweni, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwe-biotic kanye ne-abiotic ngesivuno esikhulayo.
Esimweni se-biofortification, kuye kwenziwa izifundo ezimbalwa ukuze kwandiswe ukugxila kwe-Si ezithweni zezitshalo ezidliwayo.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, abakhethiwe abangcono kakhulu bakhethiwe: ama-strawberries, imifino enamaqabunga kanye nobhontshisi oluhlaza.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-biofortification yama-sitrobheni iholele ekushintshashintsheni kokuguqulwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo, okungukuthi, ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-phenolic compounds kanye nokwanda kwama-flavonoid.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlola okuhlukahlukene kuye kwabonisa ukuthi izindlela zokwenziwa kwe-biofortification kusetshenziswa izakhi zamaminerali nazo zingandisa impilo yeshalofu yemikhiqizo yezolimo.
Inhloso yalo msebenzi wocwaningo bekuwukuhlola umphumela we-silicon biofueling yama-strawberries e-hydroponic ekugcineni ikhwalithi yamajikijolo ngemva kokuvuna.
Izitshalo ze-Strawberry zatshalwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo futhi ukugxila okwandayo kwe-Si kwengezwa kusixazululo esijwayelekile sezakhi. Ama-strawberries abe esehlolelwa imingcele yekhwalithi (okungukuthi i-acidity eguqukayo, ubulukhuni, i-Brix kanye nobumnandi) futhi ukugcinwa kwabe sekulingiswa kusetshenziswa amazinga okushisa ahlukene nezikhawu zesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-strawberry nawo ahlolwe ukwakheka komphakathi we-epiphytic microbial ukuze kutholwe ukuthi angathonywa yini ukudla okusungulwe isitshalo, futhi esimweni esithile, uhlelo lwe-Si biofortification.
Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-biofortification ayizange ithinte kakhulu ubulukhuni besithelo, kuyilapho emazingeni aphezulu e-Si, ukwanda kwe-acidity ye-titratable kwabonwa.
Ukuhlaziywa komphakathi we-microbial okokuqala ngqa kwembula ukuba khona kwamagciwane angama-probiotic, okungukuthi: I-Bacillus breve, okungenzeka ibe nezici zobuchwepheshe ezithakazelisayo ngendlela yezinhlobo ezivumelaniswe nesigaba sesithelo sama-strawberries.
Ukwengeza, njengoba izinga le-Si biofortification landa, ukuncipha kwezinambuzane ezingase zibe ne-pathogenic ezifana ne-Escherichia coli ne-Terrisporobacter glycolicus nazo zabonwa.