I-Hydroponics, i-smart greenhouses kanye ne-geoinformation systems - sifunde ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezintsha ezingakhuphula isivuno sethu sibe yirekhodi.
UMongameli wase-Tajikistan u-Emomali Rahmon ukhumbula njalo ukusetshenziswa komhlaba okunengqondo nesidingo sokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze kwandiswe isivuno sezitshalo. Kodwa lokhu kwenziwa ngobunzima obukhulu - i-dehwan imane nje ayinayo imali eyanele yalokhu.
E-Tajikistan, izihloko eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwezolimo amapulazi aseDehkan kanye nemifelandawonye.
Azikho iziza eziningi kangaka zomhlaba ezilungele ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo eriphabhulikhi.
Imihlaba eniselwe ngenkasa ilinganiselwa kumahektha ayizi-700 30, kule minyaka engama-0.12 edlule indawo yabo nge-capita ngayinye yehle isuka ku-0.06 yaya kumahektha ayi-XNUMX.
Namuhla, ezolimo zibhekene nezinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nokuwohloka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, isomiso, ukugwaduleka nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamaminerali namakhemikhali, ukutholakala kwamanzi anganele.
Mayelana nalokhu, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha emkhakheni wezolimo kudlala indima ebalulekile. Maningi kodwa sizogxila kwezinhlanu okwamanje.
1. Ukulima ngokunemba
Ukulima okunembayo kusekelwe ekuqondeni ukuthi umhlaba uhlukile futhi awukwazi ukulinywa ngamahektha noma amasimu ajwayelekile.
Ehlelweni lokuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza eziningi ezindaweni zokulima eTajikistan, le ndlela ingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu.
Ukuze uthole isivuno sekhwalithi engcono, kuyadingeka ukusicubungula ngezigaba ezihlukene, kucatshangelwa izimila, umswakama kanye nokukhiqiza kwenhlabathi. Kudingeka isu lokufaka umanyolo osekelwe iphuzu, esikhundleni sokuvundisa okuqhubekayo.
Izithombe zesathelayithi nama-UAV (izimoto zasemoyeni ezingenamuntu) zisiza ekutholeni ukuhlukahluka kwezindawo zamapulazi. Izinzwa emishinini nasezinkambu zikuvumela ukuthi uhlole indawo, umswakama, izinga lokushisa, namazinga e-pH. Amasimu ahlukaniswe ama-micro-plots amaningi kuye ngohlobo lwezitshalo, inhlabathi, njll.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulima obunembayo buqoqa futhi buhlaziye idatha mayelana nazo zonke izenzo zakho enkundleni.
Basiza ukwenza izinqumo ezisheshayo nezesikhathi eside: yiziphi izimbewu okufanele zihlwanyele, kusiphi isiza, inani likamanyolo noma amakhemikhali adingekayo, njll.
Lokhu kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali. UMnyango Wezolimo waseTajikistan usuvele ukhulume nohulumeni ngesiphakamiso sokudala isikhwama esikhethekile sentuthuko emisha.
Kudingeka ukudala ukukhiqiza okuncintisanayo endaweni yezimboni zezolimo, kwandiswe ubudlelwano bezomnotho ohlelweni lokubambisana (kokubili ezolimo kanye nabathengi), ukuthenga imishini yezolimo, imbewu nomanyolo nezinye izindlela ezintsha ngokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, usizo lobuchwepheshe kanye nemalimboleko ekhethwayo. .
2. Izindlu zokugcina izithombo ezihlakaniphile
Umphathi wepulazi lamanzi laseTajikistan uKholmurod Rahmon wasifeza isithembiso sakhe sokunikeza abantu amanzi
Ukukhula kwezitshalo endaweni evalekile kususa izinkinga eziningi ezihambisana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Kuhlongozwa ukudala ama-analogues wesimanje kubo esikhundleni sezindawo zokugcina izithombo zendabuko.
Izibonelo zokuqala sezivele zitholakala eTajikistan, kodwa izindawo zokugcina izithombo ezintsha ezihleliwe kufanele zihlonyiswe ngabo bonke ubuchwepheshe bamuva.
Kuzokwazi ukulawula ukusebenza kwezindawo zokugcina izithombo kusuka kunoma iyiphi idivayisi (ikhompyutha, i-laptop, i-smartphone) exhunywe kwi-Inthanethi.
Ngosizo lwalokhu okusha, kuzokwazi ukulawula izimo zezulu kanye nokunisela, ukuqapha ngokubonakalayo ukukhula kwezitshalo usebenzisa amakhamera, ukubala inani lomanyolo odingekayo, ukulindela izinkinga nezifo ezingenzeka, okuzokwenza inqubo yokukhulisa ezolimo iphumelele.
3. I-Hydroponics kanye ne-drip irrigation
Manje emazweni amaningi athuthukile, imikhiqizo yezolimo itshalwa ezitsheni ezikhethekile unyaka wonke. Izimo zezulu ezifanele zifinyelelwa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha obusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwe-hydroponics.
Ingadi ejulile enohlelo lokunisela ngamaconsi esifundeni saseKhuroson.
Isibonelo, amapulazi anjalo angafakwa ngisho nasophahleni lwendlu noma yezitolo, kuyilapho enikeza izinkulungwane zabahlali ukudla okusha.
Amasistimu we-Hydroponics akuvumela ukuthi ukhule imikhiqizo ngokushesha okuphindwe kabili kunasemhlabathini.
Uma zingekho izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwe-hydroponics e-Tajikistan okwamanje, kodwa kukhona impumelelo ekukhuthazeni ukuchelela nge-drip. Amanzi ahlinzekwa ngamapayipi epulasitiki noma amapayipi esitshalweni ngasinye. Le ndlela yonga kuze kufike ku-70% wamanzi okunisela.
4. Amasistimu we-Geoinformation (GIS)
I-GIS isetshenziselwa abasebenzi bomkhakha wezolimo ukuthi babone ngeso lengqondo amasimu ngendlela yamamephu. Namuhla zamukelwe ngempumelelo yiKomidi Lokuphathwa Komhlaba kanye ne-Geodesy yeriphabhulikhi, kodwa abalimi abakazitholi okwamanje.
I-Tajikistan ithuthukisa ezolimo zedijithali
I-GIS isetshenziselwa ukwakha izakhiwo zezinkambu nemishini. Ulwazi luboniswa njengezendlalelo. Ungqimba luyisibaluli sensimu, isibonelo, umswakama, impumuzo, umehluko wokuphakama, izinsiza zokubuyisela amanzi, izitshalo zezolimo.
Ngokushintsha phakathi kwezimfanelo ezahlukene, ipulazi lezolimo lingakha isithombe esiphelele salokho okwenzeka emasimini.
Ku-GIS, ungabona ukuthi umkhankaso wokuvuna uhamba kanjani, ezindaweni lapho ukuvuna sekuvunwe khona, nalapho umsebenzi ungakaqali. Amabhizinisi ezolimo angabona ukuthi yimaphi amasimu aselashwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane nokuthi yimaphi angakaze alashwe, ukuthi izulu liwile yini, izinambuzane ezike zavela. Noma ulandelele ngokubukeka ukunyakaza kwemishini, linganisa izindleko zikaphethiloli nezinto zokugcoba, qonda izizathu zokuthi kungani kunokweqile kwesimiso.
5. Amapulazi ahlakaniphile
Izinyathelo zokuqala zokudala amapulazi "ahlakaniphile" asezithathiwe e-Tajikistan. Amapulazi obisi e-Tursunzad, e-Khuroson, e-Ashta, emapulazini enkukhu e-Muminabad nakwezinye izifunda abe amaphayona kule ndlela.
Kodwa isinyathelo esilandelayo kufanele sithathwe. Ukukhulisa imfuyo yokukhiqiza inyama nobisi, izinkukhu nenhlanzi, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bamakhompiyutha namuhla obulawula inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane nezinyoni, ukusetshenziswa kokuphakelayo, nokubalwa kwemali yokukhiqiza.
Amapulazi ahlakaniphile anciphisa amadlelo ezinkomo, ngaleyo ndlela asindise umhlaba wokulima, enze kube nokwenzeka ukwandisa izindawo zokukhiqiza kakhulu izitshalo zefolishi, akubandakanyi umthelela wezinto zangaphandle, kuhlanganise nokungena kwezifo.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ama-smartphone zisiza ukubala yonke imingcele yokuphakelayo.
Uhlelo oluhlakaniphile lubala inani elidingekayo lezakhamzimba, amavithamini namaminerali eqenjini ngalinye lezilwane nezinyoni, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukusebenza kahle kokulinywa kwazo nokuthola imikhiqizo yokugcina - ubisi, inyama, uvolo, amaqanda.
Umthombo: https://www.asiaplustj.info